chapter 25.3-25.4

Question 1

What is the boundary that marks a density change between layers?

Answer 1

discontinuity

Question 2

How can discontinuities be identified?

Answer 2

Seismic waves.

Question 3

What are shadow zones?

Answer 3

Areas on Earth where no Seismic waves are recorded.

Question 4

What is another term for a shadow zone?

Answer 4

A dead zone.

Question 5

Between which two degrees do shadow zones fall under?

Answer 5

Between 105 and 140 degrees.

Question 6

Is the outer core a solid or a liquid?

Answer 6

Liquid.

Question 7

Is the inner core a solid or liquid?

Answer 7

A solid because of the pressure.

Question 8

What makes up the lithosphere?

Answer 8

The crust and the uppermost mantle.

Question 9

What is the asthenosphere?

Answer 9

Plastic like layer which Earths plates move on.

Question 10

Which elements make up the mantle?

Answer 10

Calcium, aluminum, iron, and magnesium.

Question 11

Which elements make up the core?

Answer 11

Metallic materials such as nickel and iron.

Question 12

The measure of a fluid’s resistance to flow.

Answer 12

Viscosity.

Question 13

the chemical compound silicon dioxide, SiO2, which is a common ingredient in most magma.

Answer 13

Silica.

Question 14

Tend to be small, have heights in the hundreds of meters range, and have short eruption cycles.

Answer 14

Cinder cone volcanoes.

Question 15

Broad, flat structures composed of layer upon layer of lava flows.

Answer 15

Shield volcanoes.

Question 16

large and steep-sided, often thousands of meters high and tens of kilometres across the base, and composed of thousands of layers of both lava and ash.

Answer 16

Composite volcanoes.

Question 17

What is molten or liquid rocks stored inside earth called?

Answer 17

Magma

Question 18

Where is the ring of fire located?

Answer 18

The Pacific ocean.

Question 19

What is created when tectonic plates collide along subduction zones?

Answer 19

Volcanoes.

Question 20

What are two specific examples of volcanic activity due to divergence?

Answer 20

Mid-Atlantic ridge and East African rift.

Question 21

Are hot spots stationary?

Answer 21

Yes.

Question 22

What is created from hot spots?

Answer 22

islands (Hawaiian islands)

Question 23

If a liquid has a higher viscosity will it flow more quickly or more slowly?

Answer 23

More slowly.

Question 24

If magma has high viscosity will it contain more or less silica?

Answer 24

More.

Question 25

What is pyroclastic material?

Answer 25

Any solid material that erupts from a volcano.

Question 26

What is the smallest type of pyroclastic material?

Answer 26

volcanic ash.

Question 27

what are the largest types of pyroclastic material?

Answer 27

Volcanic blocks and bombs.

Question 28

what are the types of gases that erupt from volcanoes?

Answer 28

water vapor, carbon dioxide, and sulfur dioxide.

Question 29

How are volcanoes classified?

Answer 29

Size, shape, and materials erupted.

Question 30

What are the three types of volcanoes?

Answer 30

CInder Cone, shield, and composite volcanoes.