Chapter 26 – Cardiovascular System and Pathologies Flashcards
Which muscle belly lies next to the carotid artery and should not be massaged?
A. Trapezius
B. Splenius capitis
C. Levator scapulae
D. Sternocleidomastoid
Sternocleidomastoid
Which heart chamber pumps blood to the lungs?
A. Right atrium
B. Right ventricle
C. Left atrium
D. Left ventricle
Right ventricle
Which condition is characterized by periodic episodes of vasospasms in fingers and toes?
A. Multiple sclerosis
B. Rheumatoid arthritis
C. Raynaud disease
D. Varicose veins
Raynaud disease
Which condition is characterized by chest pain from a temporary reduction of blood flow to the heart?
A. Arrhythmia
B. Heartburn
C. Angina pectoris
D. Myocardial infarction
Angina pectoris
Which condition is the presence of plaque within arteries?
A. Phlebitis
B. Atherosclerosis
C. Fibrosis
D. Pyelonephritis
Atherosclerosis
What term means heart attack?
A. Angina pectoris
B. Hypertension
C. Arteriosclerosis
D. Myocardial infarction
Myocardial infarction
Which term means inflammation of the veins?
A. Myocarditis
B. Phlebitis
C. Arthritis
D. Cystitis
Phlebitis
A client with which condition needs to be screened for a deep vein thrombosis?
A. Recent surgery
B. Ankle sprain
C. Emphysema
D. Anemia
Recent surgery
Which condition is a reduction in the quantity of either red blood cells or hemoglobin, which impairs the blood’s ability to carry oxygen to cells?
A. Ischemia
B. Anemia
C. Hyperemia
D. Hypoglycemia
Anemia
Blood traveling through the femoral artery must first pass through which artery?
A. External iliac
B. Sciatic
C. Basilic
D. Saphenous
External iliac
If a client diagnosed with thrombophlebitis in the left calf comes in for a massage, which treatment plan is appropriate?
A. Postpone the massage until the condition resolves
B. Proceed with the massage and avoid the affected area
C. Postpone the massage until all pain is gone
D. Proceed with the massage, using deep pressure over the affected area
Postpone the massage until the condition resolves
Which term means high blood pressure?
A. Hypertension
B. Thrombosis
C. Arthrosclerosis
D. Phlebitis
Hypertension
Which term means an increase in blood vessel diameter?
A. Vasoconstriction
B. Ischemia
C. Vasodilation
D. Hyperemia
Vasodilation
Ischemia can be described as:
A. pitting edema.
B. low blood sugar.
C. reduced sensation to an area.
D. decreased local blood flow.
decreased local blood flow
Which condition is an autoimmune disease of the body’s connective tissues?
A. Herpes simplex
B. Fibromyalgia
C. Systemic lupus erythematosus
D. Chronic fatigue syndrome
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Which type of cell is responsible for blood clotting?
A. Thrombocyte
B. Lymphocyte
C. Erythrocyte
D. Leukocyte
Thrombocyte
Which term refers to the lower chambers of the heart?
A. Ventricles
B. Sinuses
C. Trunks
D. Atria
Ventricles
When applying chest compression during cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the American Heart Association recommends how many compressions per minute?
A. 50
B. 75
C. 100
D. 125
100
Signs of varicose veins include:
A. overly hot or cold to the touch with without change in color.
B. indentation left in skin after pressure is applied and released.
C. thin, paperlike skin with reddish or silvery lines present.
D. affected structures appear bluish and may bulge outward.
affected structures appear bluish and may bulge outward.
Which treatment plan is appropriate for a client who had a myocardial infarction and has regained full strength?
A. Obtain medical clearance and use lighter than normal pressure
B. Assess as with any other client and perform massage accordingly
C. Massage and treat the client’s chest area as a local contraindication
D. Tell the client the condition is an absolute contraindication for massage
Assess as with any other client and perform massage accordingly
Which treatment modification is appropriate for a client with varicose veins?
A. Use deep pressure on the affected area to stimulate blood flow
B. Stretch the affected limb to stimulate blood flow
C. Massage proximal to the affected area first to encourage venous return
D. Alternate hot and cold packs on the affected area for two repetitions
Massage proximal to the affected area first to encourage venous return
Which term means a sudden drop in blood pressure when moving from a lying down or sitting to an upright or standing position, causing a loss of balance?
A. Orthostatic hypotension
B. Supine hypotensive syndrome
C. Ischemia
D. Infarction
Orthostatic hypotension
Which term refers to the superior heart chambers?
A. Veins
B. Atria
C. Ventricles
D. Aorta
Atria
What is a blood clot attached to a vascular wall?
A. Embolus
B. Varicosity
C. Thrombus
D. Platelet
Thrombus
What is a blood clot transported by the bloodstream?
A. Thromboembolus
B. Polyp
C. Tubercle
D. Diverticulum
Thromboembolus
If a client states he has recently been diagnosed with CAD, he has damage to his:
A. bones and joints.
B. cerebral arteries.
C. coronary arteries.
D. lungs and alveoli.
coronary arteries.
Hemoglobin contains which mineral?
A. Calcium
B. Sodium
C. Iron
D. Potassium
Iron
Which term means the membranous layer around the heart?
A. Peritoneum
B. Perineum
C. Pericardium
D. Periosteum
Pericardium
The superior vena cava delivers blood to which heart chamber?
A. Right atrium
B. Right ventricle
C. Left atrium
D. Left ventricle
Right atrium
If the client becomes dizzy when getting up from the massage table, what should the massage practitioner do?
A. Offer the client a glass of water with electrolytes in it to reduce possible dehydration
B. Suggest the client lie back down, wait a moment, and try again moving more slowly and carefully
C. Use passive movements to push the feet toward the chest to increase blood pressure
D. Quickly place pillows around the table to reduce injury in case the client falls to the floor
Suggest the client lie back down, wait a moment, and try again moving more slowly and carefully
A client informs the massage practitioner s/he feels dizzy and lightheaded when sitting up after from the massage. This condition is likely:
A. Orthostatic hypotension
B. Peripheral neuropathy
C. Sensory tinnitus
D. Motor dysplasia
Orthostatic hypotension
A client diagnosed with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is currently taking medications to for high blood pressure. How do you proceed with massage?
A. Get medical clearance prior to the massage
B. Avoid the area as not to cause a cerebrovascular accident
C. Massage the affected area to reduce DVT signs and symptoms
D. Avoid the area as to not cause pulmonary embolism
Avoid the area as to not cause pulmonary embolism
When screening for deep vein thrombosis in a high-risk client, practitioner assessment involves looking for the presence of:
A. sudden pain upon passive flexion of the knee.
B. unilateral leg swelling, heat, redness, and pain.
C. non-blanching skin over and near the affected area.
D. local rebound tenderness upon application and removal of digital pressure.
unilateral leg swelling, heat, redness, and pain.
