Chapter 19 – Skeletal System and Pathologies Flashcards
Clients with osteoporosis should receive lighter than normal pressure due to:
A. reduced oxygen supply.
B. increased neuropathy.
C. loss of bone density.
D. decreased immunity.
loss of bone density.
Which structure connects bone to bone?
A. Tendon
B. Ligament
C. Aponeurosis
D. Synapse
Ligament
client has a medical diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis. Which joint is involved?
A. Wrist
B. Hip
C. Knee
D. Shoulder
Shoulder
Blood cells form in which structure?
A. Spleen
B. Liver
C. Bone marrow
D. Adipose tissue
Bone marrow
Which movements does a hinge joint allow?
A. Adduction and abduction
B. Flexion and extension
C. Inversion and eversion
D. Pronation and supination
Flexion and extension
Which type of joint moves in one plane only?
A. Saddle
B. Ball and socket
C. Ellipsoid
D. Pivot
Pivot
Which action shortens muscles of the anterior neck?
A. Extension
B. Rotation
C. Flexion
D. Supination
Flexion
Which area of the body is a common location for a sprain?
A. Ankle
B. Back
C. Neck
D. Hip
Ankle
Which is a saddle joint?
A. Proximal radioulnar
B. Carpometacarpal of the thumb
C. Distal talocrural
D. Metacarpophalangeal of the thumb
Carpometacarpal of the thumb
Which condition involves loss of articular cartilage and is often called wear and tear arthritis?
A. Lyme disease
B. Rheumatoid arthritis
C. Osteoarthritis
D. Gout
Osteoarthritis
Which condition is characterized by the protrusion of the nucleus pulposus through a tear in the annulus fibrosus?
A. Ankylosing spondylitis
B. Herniated disc
C. Kyphosis
D. Subluxation
Herniated disc
Which condition is characterized by a decrease in bone density with increased susceptibility to fractures?
A. Osteoarthritis
B. Spondylitis
C. Scoliosis
D. Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis
Which condition is an accumulation of synovial fluid in the popliteal area?
A. Bursitis
B. Baker cyst
C. Thrombophlebitis
D. Peripheral neuropathy
Baker cyst
What is the primary structure injured during a sprain?
A. Tendon
B. Ligament
C. Bone
D. Muscle
Ligament
Bursa are usually located between a:
A. muscle and a tendon.
B. bone and a tendon.
C. joint capsule and articular cartilage.
D. costal cartilage and a muscle.
bone and a tendon
Which type of joint moves in only one plane?
A. Hinge
B. Ball and socket
C. Saddle
D. Ellipsoid
Hinge
Which term describes medial rotation of the forearm?
A. Radial deviation
B. Pronation
C. Supination
D. Ulnar deviation
Pronation
Which term means turning the foot inward so the bottom of the foot faces the midline of the body?
A. Eversion
B. Supination
C. Inversion
D. Pronation
Inversion
Which joint is an ellipsoid joint?
A. Tibiofemoral
B. Acromioclavicular
C. Radiocarpal
D. Talocrural
Radiocarpal
Which of the following joints is classified as biaxial?
A. Glenohumeral joint
B. Acromioclavicular joint
C. Sternocostal joint
D. Radiocarpal joint
Radiocarpal joint
When a person rises up on the toes, the ankles are in what position?
A. Dorsiflexion
B. Eversion
C. Plantar flexion
D. Inversion
Plantar flexion
Slow healing of ligament and cartilage injuries is due to:
A. hypertrophy of tissues.
B. limited vascularity.
C. active nerve conduction.
D. hemoglobin deficiency.
limited vascularity
The shaft of a long bone is known as the:
A. diaphysis.
B. epiphysis.
C. metaphysis.
D. periosteum.
diaphysis.
Which muscle should be addressed during massage if a client has lordosis?
A. Latissimus dorsi
B. Quadratus lumborum
C. Gluteus maximus
D. Transverse abdominis
Quadratus lumborum
Which cells break down bone to maintain blood calcium levels?
A. Osteocytes
B. Osteoclasts
C. Osteologies
D. Osteoblasts
Osteoclasts
A client comes in for massage with whiplash. He was in an accident yesterday. His neck is very stiff and sore, and he thinks massage will help. Which treatment plan is appropriate?
A. Use lighter pressure on the neck
B. Perform deep cross fiber friction and tractioning on the neck
C. Treat the neck as a local contraindication
D. Perform joint mobilizations on the neck and myofascial techniques on the shoulders
Treat the neck as a local contraindication
Movement is absent or extremely limited in which type of joint?
A. Synarthrosis
B. Biarticular
C. Diarthrosis
D. Condylar
Synarthrosis
What is the safest way to massage the posterior neck in a client with osteoarthritis?
A. Manual traction
B. Joint mobilization and stretching
C. Deep pressure along cervical vertebra
D. Light pressure along the cervical vertebrae
Light pressure along the cervical vertebrae
Which condition is an autoimmune disease affecting small joints of fingers, then progressing to additional joints?
A. Rheumatoid arthritis
B. Systemic lupus erythematous
C. Osteoarthritis
D. Osteoporosis
Rheumatoid arthritis
An appropriate treatment plan for a client with chronic bursitis includes:
A. Gilding over the area within the client’s pain tolerance
B. Ice application followed by heat application
C. Treating it as a local contraindication
D. Treating it as an absolute contraindication
Gilding over the area within the client’s pain tolerance
A treatment plan for a client with rheumatoid arthritis includes the massage:
A. needs to be gentle during exacerbations.
B. is an absolute contraindication in all phases.
C. may reduce inflammation during exacerbations.
D. is indicated over affected joints.
needs to be gentle during exacerbations
If a client has an acute ankle sprain, which treatment plan is appropriate?
A. Elevate the affected area and apply ice while massaging noninjured areas.
B. Use deep pressure to restore any lost mobility.
C. Use static stretching to increase collagen activity.
D. Elevate the affected area and apply percussion to stimulate muscle spindles.
Elevate the affected area and apply ice while massaging noninjured areas.
The connective tissue surrounding the bone is the:
A. metaphysis.
B. diaphysis.
C. periosteum.
D. epiphysis.
periosteum.
Which term means an exaggeration of the normal posterior curvature in the thoracic spine?
A. Scoliosis
B. Spondylosis
C. Kyphosis
D. Lordosis
Kyphosis
Which term describes lateral deviation of the spine, usually in the thoracic region?
A. Scoliosis
B. Spondylosis
C. Lordosis
D. Kyphosis
Scoliosis
What muscle is usually massaged for whiplash?
A. Trapezius
B. Subscapularis
C. Pectoralis minor
D. Deltoid
Trapezius
Which term is used to describe a muscle crossing two joints?
A. Bilateral
B. Synergistic
C. Biarticular
D. Concentric
Biarticular
Which is a saclike structure usually found between ligaments and joint capsules?
A. Gyri
B. Menisci
C. Bursa
D. Retinaculum
Bursa
Touching the chin to the chest is an example of which action?
A. Adduction
B. Extension
C. Abduction
D. Flexion
Flexion
Which structure is affected in Osgood-Schlatter disease?
A. Greater trochanter
B. Calcaneal tuberosity
C. Tibial tuberosity
D. Lateral epicondyle
Tibial tuberosity
Cervical acceleration and deceleration injury is also known as:
A. tetanus.
B. migraine.
C. whiplash.
D. sciatica.
whiplash.
Which treatment plan is appropriate for a client with a herniated disc?
A. Address surrounding trigger points and apply spinal mobilizations
B. Use light pressure over the area of involvement
C. Use myofascial release techniques to decompress the spine
D. Apply deep pressure and spinal stretching techniques
Use light pressure over the area of involvement
A client with rheumatoid arthritis arrives to a massage appointment and reports they are having a flare-up and presents with red, swollen, warm hands. What is an appropriate treatment plan for this session?
A. Proceed with the massage and focus most of the time on the hands using deep pressure
B. Proceed with the massage while using light even pressure and avoiding the hands
C. Proceed with the massage, apply liniment to the hands, glove both hands, and massage them through the gloves using deep pressure to promote product absorption
D. Postpone the massage and ask the client to return when the hands are not inflamed
Proceed with the massage while using light even pressure and avoiding the hands
Which is an often overlooked condition in whiplash cases?
A. Thyrotoxicosis
B. Carpal tunnel syndrome
C. Temporomandibular disorders
D. Greater occipital nerve compression
Temporomandibular disorders
A synarthrotic joint:
A. Connects the cranial bones
B. Has a joint capsule
C. Is freely movable
D. Contains hyaline cartilage
Connects the cranial bones
A client with adhesive capsulitis will have difficulty making which shoulder movement?
A. Abduction
B. Medial rotation
C. Adduction
D. Lateral rotation
Medial rotation
Which movement demonstrates medial rotation?
A. Tilting the head to the side
B. Bending the knee
C. Turning the hip outward
D. Turning the shoulder inward
Turning the shoulder inward
