Chapter 26

Question 1

what are the two most abundant elements that make up earths crust

Answer 1

oxygen and silicon

Question 2

what does inorganic mean

Answer 2

that minerals are materials that are not living

Question 3

what does the arrangement of an atom and the bonds between them reflect about a mineral

Answer 3

the way it breaks, how hard it is, and its crystalline shape

Question 4

what are all the ways to identify minerals

Answer 4

luster, streak, atomic arrangement, cleavage, fracture, hardness, crystalline shape

Question 5

what are the two types of luster

Answer 5

metallic and non metallic

Question 6

how does metallic luster reflect light

Answer 6

very easily like a metal surface

Question 7

how does nonmetallic luster reflect light

Answer 7

not very easily, earthy dull look to it

Question 8

how do you perform a streak test

Answer 8

rubbing a mineral on an glazed porcelain tile

Question 9

what are the two types of breakage that can happen to minerals

Answer 9

cleavage and fracture

Question 10

what is the name of the scale to measure a minerals hardness

Answer 10

Mohs scale of hardness

Question 11

what is the number range on the Mohs scale of hardness

Answer 11

1-10

Question 12

how many different crystal shape systems are there

Answer 12

6

Question 13

minerals grow from the ______

Answer 13

from the inside out

Question 14

what are the three ways minerals can form

Answer 14

hot water, evaporation, and molten rock

Question 15

what are the two mineral groups

Answer 15

Silicates and non silicates

Question 16

which mineral group is the most abundant in earths crust

Answer 16

silicate minerals are most abundant

Question 17

what elements are silicates made up of

Answer 17

silica and oxygen

Question 18

non silicates do not contain what element

Answer 18

silicon

Question 19

what mineral is used to make glass

Answer 19

quartz

Question 20

A mineral is ______, ______, ______

Answer 20

naturally occurring, inorganic, and a crystalline form

Question 21

define rock

Answer 21

naturally formed mixture containing minerals, rock fragments, and volcanic glass

Question 22

how are rocks identified

Answer 22

composition and texture

Question 23

what does the texture of a rock describe about a rock

Answer 23

size, shape, and arrangement of rock components

Question 24

where do intrusive igneous rocks form

Answer 24

within the crust

Question 25

What type of molten rock does intrusive igneous rocks form from

Answer 25

magma

Question 26

what is the name of the series that illustrates simultaneous crystallization of silicate minerals

Answer 26

Bowen’s reaction series

Question 27

what are the 3 types of magma

Answer 27

mafic, intermediate, and felsic

Question 28

which magma type has a low silica content

Answer 28

mafic

Question 29

which magma type has a high silica content

Answer 29

felsic

Question 30

which type of crust has an abundant amount of quartz

oceanic or continental

Answer 30

continental

Question 31

which type of crust has little to no quartz

continental or oceanic

Answer 31

oceanic and deep continental

Question 32

which type of igneous rock has a coarse grained texture

Answer 32

intrusive rock

Question 33

which type of igneous rock has fine grained texture

Answer 33

extrusive igneous

Question 34

do fine grained rocks cool slowly or quickly

Answer 34

quickly

Question 35

what are the two specific texture types for extrusive igneous rock

Answer 35

vesicular and porphyritic

Question 36

which texture is the type with holes left behind because of rapid cooling

Answer 36

vesicular

Question 37

which texture is the type with two different crystal sizes because of different cooling rates

Answer 37

porphyritic

Question 38

what type of rock has a vesicular texture

Answer 38

pumice and scoria