26.3 Flashcards
define clasts
small rocks and minerals
what type of erosion are rocks on earths surface exposed to
water, wind, and other forces
what does it mean if clasts are being transported
its being moved
what does it mean if clasts are being deposited
put away
define pore space
empty space between grains
define compaction
clasts stick due to weight
define cementation
crystallization in pore space
how are sedimentary rocks formed
cementation and compaction make sedimentary rocks
what is another name for clasts
detritus
what are sedimentary rocks called that mostly made of clasts
detrital sedimentary rocks
what is the decreasing size of clasts
gravel, sand, silt, clay
which clast size would be deposited first
gravel (coarse)
what are 4 common detrital sedimentary rocks
breccia, sandstone, silt stone, shale
how are chemical sedimentary rocks formed
water containing dissolved solids
if sedimentary rocks contain remains of living organisms what are they called
biochemical sedimentary rocks
what are 2 common biochemical sedimentary rocks called
limestone and coal
what are 3 types of sedimentary rock
biochemical, chemical, and detrital sedimentary rocks
metamorphic rock is changed by a combination of which 3 things?
heat, pressure, and chemical reactions
which type of rocks can be changed by metamorphism
igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks can be changed
what is it called when metamorphic changes in rocks happen in large areas
regional metamorphism
what is it called when metamorphic changes in rocks occur in small changes
contact metamorphism
when shale is compressed, which type of metamorphic rock is created
slate
what are the two types of metamorphic textures
foliated and non foliated
define foliated texture
has crystals arranged in layers and bands
define nonfoliated texture
has crystals arranged randomly
metamorphic rock are classified based on what two things
texture and composition
define rock cycle
the continual changing of rocks from one form to another
which types of rocks are part of the rock cycle
igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks
what are the three types of rocks
igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks
which type of rocks form from molten rock
igneous rocks
which types of rock are formed from clasts, precipitation or compressed once living matter
sedimentary rocks
which types of rocks are formed from heat, pressure, and chemical reactions
metamorphic rocks
what can form from hot water, evaporation, or molten rock
minerals
