CH 27

Question 1

Weathering

Answer 1

physical or chemical breakdown of materials on earths surface

Question 2

Soil

Answer 2

mixture of weathered rock, organic matter, water, and air that is capable of supporting plant life

Question 3

erosion

Answer 3

removal of surface material by process of weathering

Question 4

Sediment Transport

Answer 4

agents (such as water, ice, wind, etc) move eroded material from one place to another

Question 5

deposition

Answer 5

when agents slow and and leave behind eroded materials

Question 6

drainage basin

Answer 6

Area that gathers water for large rivers

Question 7

long-shore current

Answer 7

movement of water parallel to the shoreline

Question 8

what is weathering

Answer 8

physical or chemical breakdown of solids on earths surface

Question 9

do rocks weather at the same time

Answer 9

different rates, location makes a difference

Question 10

what are the two main factors that determine how fast a rock will weather

Answer 10

rock type and landscape

Question 11

what are the two types of weathering

Answer 11

mechanical and chemical

Question 12

what are 3 specific types of mechanical weathering

Answer 12

frost wedging, biological activity, and collisions

Question 13

what type of change happens with chemical weathering

Answer 13

chemical changes

Question 14

what causes frost wedging

Answer 14

water seeps into rocks freezing, expanding, and breaking the rock

Question 15

what is the cycle called during frost wedging

Answer 15

freeze thaw cycles

Question 16

what causes biological activity

Answer 16

plants root and grow, animals burrow

Question 17

what causes weathering during collisions

Answer 17

rockslides

Question 18

what is parent material

Answer 18

soil forms from parent material

Question 19

what are soil horizons

Answer 19

different layers of soil

Question 20

true or false. all soil contains every soil horizon

Answer 20

false

Question 21

how many soil horizons are there

Answer 21

6 soils

Question 22

what are the specific soil horizons

Answer 22

o, a, e, b, c, r

Question 23

what does the first soil horizon contain

Answer 23

organic material

Question 24

what is the second horizon mostly made of

Answer 24

minerals

Question 25

which layer does leaching occur

Answer 25

E

Question 26

which horizon collects materials from previous horizons

Answer 26

B

Question 27

which layer is partially weathered bedrock

Answer 27

C

Question 28

which layer is unweathered bedrock

Answer 28

R

Question 29

which soil horizons make up the top soil

Answer 29

O and A

Question 30

which soil horizon make up the subsoil

Answer 30

E and B

Question 31

what type of changes happen with mechanical weathering

Answer 31

physical changes

Question 32

which horizons make up the true soil

Answer 32

O, A, E, and B

Question 33

if slope of a river decreases

Answer 33

the speed of the river speed decreases

Question 34

small streams that flow into larger rivers are called

Answer 34

tributaries

Question 35

land area that gathers water for a major is called

Answer 35

a drainage basin

Question 36

a boundary that separates distinct drainage basins is called a

Answer 36

drainage divide

Question 37

as water flow downhill under the influence of gravity, water erodes earths surface creating

Answer 37

channels

Question 38

young river's are ___ due to fast movements

Answer 38

v shaped

Question 39

____ rivers are wide with smooth and gentle slopes

Answer 39

mature

Question 40

A fan shaped sediment deposit

Answer 40

deltas

Question 41

from where the mouth of a river or stream enters dry land

Answer 41

alluvial fan

Question 42

what are the two glaciers types

Answer 42

continental glaciers and valley glaciers

Question 43

where can glaciers form

Answer 43

valley glaciers form in mountains, continental glaciers for in large ice sheet areas

Question 44

where are the two continental glaciers located

Answer 44

Greenland and Antarctica

Question 45

bowl shaped basins

Answer 45

cirque

Question 46

forms when two ajacent valley glaciers meet

Answer 46

arete

Question 47

sharpened peaks

Answer 47

horn

Question 48

what do tributary glaciers create

Answer 48

hanging valleys

Question 49

what are tributary glaciers

Answer 49

small glaciers feed into large glaciers

Question 50

what shape do valley glaciers shape

Answer 50

u-shape valleys