Chapter 26

Question 1

a naturally occurring inorganic solid with a crystalline form.

Answer 1

Mineral

Question 2

the color of a material in powdered form is called .

Answer 2

Streak

Question 3

a material breaks along preferred plans of weakness creating a set of smooth parallel sides, it has .

Answer 3

Cleavage

Question 4

minerals that break with irregular surfaces exhibits .

Answer 4

Fracture

Question 5

the physical property that measures a mineral’s resistance to scratching is called .

Answer 5

Hardness

Question 6

molten rock material inside Earth’s surface is called .

Answer 6

Magma

Question 7

a mineral is , , .

Answer 7

Naturally occurring, inorganic solid, with a crystalline form.

Question 8

what are the two most abundant elements that made up earths crust?

Answer 8

silicon and oxygen

Question 9

what dose inorganic mean?

Answer 9

made up of nonliving materials

Question 10

what dose the arrangement of an atom and the bonds between them reflect about a mineral?

Answer 10

how they break how hard it is and Chrystal shape it has

Question 11

what are all of the ways to identify minerals?

Answer 11

luster streak hardness cleavage crystal shape atomic arrangement and fracture

Question 12

what are the 2 types of luster?

Answer 12

metallic

nonmetallic

Question 13

how dose metallic luster reflect light?

Answer 13

very easily, like a metal surface

Question 14

how dose nonmetallic luster reflect light.

Answer 14

glassy, earthy or waxy

Question 15

how do you preform a streak test?

Answer 15

rub a mineral on a unglazed porcelain tile

Question 16

What are the two types of breakage that can happen to minerals?

Answer 16

cleavage

fracture

Question 17

what is the name of the scale to measure the hardness of a mineral?

Answer 17

mohs scale

Question 18

how many different crystal shape systems are there?

Answer 18

1-10

Question 19

minerals grow from the .

Answer 19

inside out

Question 20

what are the three ways minerals can form?

Answer 20

6

Question 21

what are the 3 ways minerals can form?

Answer 21

evaporation Multan rock hot water

Question 22

what are the 2 minerals groups?

Answer 22

silicates non silicates

Question 23

which mineral group is the most abundant in Earths crust?

Answer 23

silicates

Question 24

What elements are Silicates made up of?

Answer 24

oxygen and silicon

Question 25

Nonsilicates do not contain what element?

Answer 25

silicon

Question 26

What mineral is used to make glass?

Answer 26

quarts

Question 27

What is a rock

Answer 27

a naturally formed mixture that can contain minerals, rock fragments, and volcanic glass bound together.

Question 28

How are rocks identified ?

Answer 28

Rocks are identified by their composition and texture

Question 29

What dose the texture of a rock describe about a rock?

Answer 29

The texture of a rock describes the size, shape, and arrangement of the rock’s components

Question 30

where do intrusive igneous rocks form?

Answer 30

Igneous rocks that form within Earth’s crust are called intrusive igneous rocks.

Question 31

what is the name of the series that illustrates simultaneous crystallization of silicates minerals?

Question 32

what are the 3 types of magma?

Answer 32

Late-forming

Question 33

which magma type has a low silica content?

Answer 33

Low-silica basaltic magma forms basalt (extrusive) and gabbro (intrusive).

Question 34

witch magma type has a high silica content?

Answer 34

felsic magmas

Question 35

witch magma type has a low an abundant amount of quartz

Answer 35

Felsic:

Question 36

witch type of crust has little to no quartz?

Answer 36

deep below the crust

Question 37

witch type of igneous rock has a coarse grained texture?

Answer 37

Phaneritic texture

Question 38

witch type of igneous rock has a fine grained texture

Answer 38

Extrusive igneous rocks

Question 39

Do fine grained rocks cool slowly or quickly

Answer 39

slowly

Question 40

what are the two specific texture types for extrusive igneous rock

Answer 40

fine-grained or aphanitic texture,

Question 41

which texture is the type of with holes left behind because of fast cooling.

Question 42

witch is the type with two two different crystal sizes because of the different cooling?

Question 43

What type of rock has a vascular holly texture

Question 44

what is casts

Answer 44

a constituent fragment of a clastic rock.

Question 45

what types of erosion are rocks on Earth's surface exposed to ?

Answer 45

weathering

Question 46

what dose it mean if clasts are being transported

Answer 46

weathering breaks down unstable minerals deposit with mostly minerals that are stable on the surface of the earth

Question 47

what is pore space

Answer 47

porosity of a material possessing free space between the mineral grains, expressed as percentage

Question 48

what is compaction

Answer 48

the exertion of force on something so that it becomes more dense.

Question 49

what is cementation

Answer 49

the binding together of particles

Question 50

how are sedimentary rocks formed?

Answer 50

Pieces of rock are loosened by weathering, then transported to some basin or depression where sediment is trapped

Question 51

what is another name of calsts

Answer 51

sediment, detrital sediment, land-derived sediment.

Question 52

what are sedimentary rocks called that are mostly made of clasts

Answer 52

clastic sedimentary rocks

Question 53

what is the decreasing size of clasts?

Question 54

which clast size would be deposited first

Question 55

what are 4 common detrital sedimentary rocks

Answer 55

gravel (conglomerate or breccia), sand (sandstone), and mud (mudstone, siltstone, or claystone).

Question 56

how are chemical sedentary rocks formed

Question 57

if sedimentary rocks contain remains of living organism what are they called

Question 58

what are 2 common biochemical sedimentary rocks

Question 59

what are the 3 types pf sedimentary rocks