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Physical science > chapter 25 > Flashcards

chapter 25 Flashcards

1
Q

sudden movement or vibration of the ground that occurs when rocks slip and slide along enormous cracks in the earth’s crust called faults.

A

Earthquake

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2
Q

a system of mountain range on the ocean floor separated by valleys.

A

Mid-ocean-ridge

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3
Q

a long narrow depression formed between peaks along the mid-ocean-ridge

A

rift valley

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4
Q

boundary where two plates collide

A

converting plate boundary

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5
Q

the denser plate dives beneath the continent

A

subduction

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6
Q

boundary between two plates moving apart

A

divergent plate boundary

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7
Q

slide horizontally in opposite directions.

A

transform plate boundary

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8
Q

a crack in the earths surface

A

fault

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9
Q

sudden release of tension wile rocks slide along

A

elastic rebound

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10
Q

the point of oragin of an earthquake

A

focus

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11
Q

earth above the focaus

A

epicenter

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12
Q

Who came up with the continental drift hypothesis?

A

Alfrid Wegener

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13
Q

What was some evidence did Wegener find to support his hypotheses.

A

1 large land animal fossle

2 coast lines matched up

3 mountain ranges matched up with same rock type and ages

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14
Q

what was the name if the supper continent?

A

Pangaea

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15
Q

Who came up with the seafloor spreading hypothesis?

A

Harry Hess

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16
Q

How did he discover seafloor spreading?

A

using sonar

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17
Q

What did hess discover?

A

The mid-ocean-ridge

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18
Q

What are the 3 types of plate boundaries?

A

1 divergent
2 convergent
3 transform

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19
Q

how do convergent faults collide

A

to toward each other\into each other

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20
Q

subducton zones only happen with witch type of plate boundary

A

convergent

21
Q

what 2 types of crust are there?

A

oceanic

continental

22
Q

What can be formed when a oceanic crust and a continental crust converge.

A

volcano

trenches

23
Q

what can form when 2 oceanic crusts converge

A

beep sea trench

hot spots volcanic islands.

24
Q

what land formed are created when 2 Continental crusts converge.

A

mountains

25
Q

what type of crust must be present for c=volcanic activity to ocure

A

oceacic

26
Q

How do divergent plates move?

A

away from each other/ away from

27
Q

What are some examples if divergent plats

A

1 MOR- 2 oceanic

2 East African Rift - 2 Continental

28
Q

How do transform plates move?

A

slide along each other (only one)

29
Q

what is an example of a transforming plate boundary

A

San Andreas fault - 2 Continental

30
Q

What is a convection current?

A
  1. magma heats up, become less dense, and rises

2. magma cools and becomes more dense and sinks.

31
Q

what are three forces that contribute to plate motion

A

1 slab pull
2 ridge push
3 friction between plates

32
Q

Witch plate boundaries has shallow earthquakes?

A

Divergent and Transform

33
Q

Witch plate boundary has deep earthquakes.

A

Convergent

34
Q

What are the types of stress that can be applied to rock movement.

A

Compression
tension
sheer
torsion

35
Q

compression, tension, sheer, torsion

A

push together, pull, slide along, twist

36
Q

what are the 2 types of deformation.

A

elastic

plastic

36
Q

what happens when elastic deformation happens

A

materiel goes back to original state

37
Q

what happens when plastic deformation occurs

A

takes on a new shape

38
Q

how many types of seismic waves are there

A

3
primary- p waves
secondary- s waves
surface waves

39
Q

what type of seismic waves are the fastest

A

primary/ p-wave compression wave

40
Q

what type of wave is a p-wave

A

compression wave

41
Q

what type of material can p-waves go through

A

solids and liquids

42
Q

What type of wave is a s-wave

A

transverse wave

43
Q

what type of materials can a s-wave pass through

A

only solids

44
Q

witch wave dose the most damage

A

surface waves

45
Q

what are the 2 scales that measure earthquakes

A

Richter scale

mercalli scale

46
Q

what dose the richter scale measure

A

the amount of energy released

47
Q

what dose the mercalli scale measure?

A

the amount of damage.

Physical science (8 decks)

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