chapter 25.3 + 25.4 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the boundary which marks the density change between layers?

A

Discontinuity

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2
Q

How can Discontinuities be identified?

A

Seismic waves

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3
Q

What are shadow zones?

A

Areas where no seismic waves are recorded

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4
Q

What is another term for “shadow zones”?

A

Dead zone

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5
Q

Between which 2 degrees do shadow zones fall between?

A

105 and 140 degrees

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6
Q

Is the outer core a solid or a liquid?

A

Liquid

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7
Q

Is the inner core a solid or a liquid? Why?

A

solid because of the pressure

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8
Q

What makes up the lithosphere?

A

The crust and the upper most mantle

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9
Q

What is the Asthenosphere?

A

Plastic like layer which Earth’s plates move on

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10
Q

Which elements make up the mantle?

A

Calcium, Aluminum, Iron, and Magnesium

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11
Q

What elements make up the core?

A

Iron and Nickel

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12
Q

What is the measurement of a fluids resistance

A

Viscosity

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13
Q

What is a most common compound of magma?

A

Silica

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14
Q

A type of volcano with short eruption cycles and tend to be small

A

Cinder cone volcanoes

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15
Q

what type of volcano is a broad, flat structures composed of a layer upon later of lava flow

A

Shield volcanoes

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16
Q

The type of volcano that is large and steep-sides, often composed of lava and ash

A

Composite volcanoes

17
Q

What is molten or liquid, rocks stored inside Earth?

18
Q

Where is the Ring of Fire located?

A

Pacific Ocean

19
Q

What is created when tectonic plates collide along subduction zones?

20
Q

What are two specific examples of volcanic activity due to divergents?

A

mid-atlantic Ridge/East african Rift valley

21
Q

Are hotspots stationary?

A

Yes, only the plates above it move

22
Q

What is created from hotspots?

23
Q

If a liquid has a higher viscosity will it flow more quickly or more slowly?

A

It would flower more slowly

24
Q

If magma has high viscosity will it contain more or less silica?

A

It would have more

25
What is Pyroclastic Material?
Any solid material that is erupted from a volcano
26
What is the smallest type of Pyroclastic material?
Ash
27
What are the largest type of Pyroclastic material?
blocks and bombs
28
What are the type of gases that come from a volcano
Water vapor, Carbon Dioxide, Sulfur Dioxide
29
How volcanoes are classified
Size, shape, and materials that erupt