chapter 25.3 + 25.4 Flashcards
What is the boundary which marks the density change between layers?
Discontinuity
How can Discontinuities be identified?
Seismic waves
What are shadow zones?
Areas where no seismic waves are recorded
What is another term for “shadow zones”?
Dead zone
Between which 2 degrees do shadow zones fall between?
105 and 140 degrees
Is the outer core a solid or a liquid?
Liquid
Is the inner core a solid or a liquid? Why?
solid because of the pressure
What makes up the lithosphere?
The crust and the upper most mantle
What is the Asthenosphere?
Plastic like layer which Earth’s plates move on
Which elements make up the mantle?
Calcium, Aluminum, Iron, and Magnesium
What elements make up the core?
Iron and Nickel
What is the measurement of a fluids resistance
Viscosity
What is a most common compound of magma?
Silica
A type of volcano with short eruption cycles and tend to be small
Cinder cone volcanoes
what type of volcano is a broad, flat structures composed of a layer upon later of lava flow
Shield volcanoes
The type of volcano that is large and steep-sides, often composed of lava and ash
Composite volcanoes
What is molten or liquid, rocks stored inside Earth?
Magma
Where is the Ring of Fire located?
Pacific Ocean
What is created when tectonic plates collide along subduction zones?
Volcanoes
What are two specific examples of volcanic activity due to divergents?
mid-atlantic Ridge/East african Rift valley
Are hotspots stationary?
Yes, only the plates above it move
What is created from hotspots?
Islands
If a liquid has a higher viscosity will it flow more quickly or more slowly?
It would flower more slowly
If magma has high viscosity will it contain more or less silica?
It would have more
What is Pyroclastic Material?
Any solid material that is erupted from a volcano
What is the smallest type of Pyroclastic material?
Ash
What are the largest type of Pyroclastic material?
blocks and bombs
What are the type of gases that come from a volcano
Water vapor, Carbon Dioxide, Sulfur Dioxide
How volcanoes are classified
Size, shape, and materials that erupt
