chapter 25.3-25.4 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the boundary that marks the density change

A

Discontinuity

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2
Q

how can discontinuity be identified

A

Seismic waves

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3
Q

what are the shadow zones

A

an area of land where no seismic waves are detected/recorded

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4
Q

what is another name for a shadow zone

A

dead zone

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5
Q

what are the degrees from an epicenter do shadow zones fall into

A

105-140 degrees

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6
Q

is the outer core a solid of a liquid

A

liquid

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7
Q

is the inner core a solid of a liquid, why

A

solid due to pressure

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8
Q

what is the lithosphere

A

the crust and the uppermost mantle

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9
Q

what is the asthenosphere

A

a plastic like layer that the plates move on

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10
Q

what metallic materials make up the core

A

nickel and iron

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11
Q

the measure of a liquid’s resistance to flow

A

viscosity

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12
Q

silica

A

is the chemical compound of silicone dioxide/ common ingredient in magma

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13
Q

are broad, flat structures composed of layer upon layer of lava flows

A

shield volcanoes

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14
Q

tend to be small, have heights in the hundreds of meters range,and have short eruption cycles

A

cinder cone volcanoes

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15
Q

large, steep sided, often thousands of meter high and tens of km across the base, and composed of layers of both lava and ash

A

composite volcanoes

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16
Q

what is molten or liquid rocks stored in Earth called

A

magma

17
Q

what direction does magma want to go

A

up

18
Q

where is the ring of fire located

A

pacfic ocean

19
Q

what forms when tectonic plates collide along subduction zones

A

volcanoes

20
Q

which two specific locations do volcanic activity occur

A

East African Rift/ Mid Atlantic Ridge

21
Q

Do hot spots ever move

A

No

22
Q

what are created due to hot spots

A

Volcanic islands (Hawii)

23
Q

If a liquid has a higher viscosity will it run faster or slower

A

slower

24
Q

if magma has a higher viscosity does it contain more or less silica

A

more

25
Q

what is pyroclastic material

A

solid material that erupts form a volcano

26
Q

what is the smallest pyroclastic material

A

ash

27
Q

what are the largest pryoclastic materials

A

blocks and bombs

28
Q

what are the three types of volcanoes

A

shield, composite, cinder cone

29
Q

what are the types of gases that come form a volcano

A

water vapor carbon dioxide sulfur dioxide

30
Q

o[how are volcanoes classified

A

size, shape, materials that erupt