Chapter 25-28 Vocabulary

Question 1

Lining-out

Answer 1

A leader sang each line of a psalm, and the congregation repeated it in turn.

Question 2

Solfege

Answer 2

A French term referring to pedagogical system for learning music by assigning syllables to scale tones (do, re, mi, fa, sol, la, ti, do).

Question 3

Anthem

Answer 3

A religious choral composition in English; performed liturgically, the Protestant equivalent of the motet.

Question 4

Villancico

Answer 4

Devotional song, often for Christmas, from Latin America.

Question 5

Suite

Answer 5

Multimovement work made up of a series of contrasting dance movements, generally all in the same key. Also partita.

Question 6

Allemande

Answer 6

German dance in moderate duple meter, popular during the Renaissance and Baroque periods; often the first movement of a Baroque suite.

Question 7

Courante

Answer 7

French Baroque dance, a standard movement of the suite, in triple meter, at a moderate tempo.

Question 8

Sarabande

Answer 8

Stately Spanish Baroque dance type in triple meter, a standard movement of the Baroque suite.

Question 9

Jig

Answer 9

A vigorous dance developed in the British Isles, usually in compound meter; became fashionable on the Continent as the gigue; still popular as an Irish traditional dance genre.

Question 10

Gigue

Answer 10

Popular English Baroque dance type, a standard movement of the Baroque suite, in a lively compound meter.

Question 11

Minuet

Answer 11

An elegant triple-meter dance type popular in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries; usually in binary form. See also minuet and trio.

Question 12

Gavotte

Answer 12

Duple-meter French Baroque dance type with a moderate to quick tempo.

Question 13

Bouree

Answer 13

Lively French Baroque dance type in duple meter.

Question 14

Passepied

Answer 14

French Baroque court dance type; a faster version of the minuet.

Question 15

Hornpipe

Answer 15

Country dance of the British Isles, often in a lively triple meter; optional dance movement of solo and orchestral Baroque suites. A type of duple-meter hornpipe is still popular in Irish traditional dance music.

Question 16

Concerto

Answer 16

Instrumental genre in several movements for solo instruments for solo instrument (or instrumental group) and orchestra.

Question 17

Ritornello Form

Answer 17

Short, recurring instrumental passage found in the Baroque aria and concerto.

Question 18

Program music

Answer 18

Instrumental music endowed with literary or pictorial associations, especially popular in the nineteenth century.

Question 19

Episodes

Answer 19

Interlude or intermediate section in the Baroque fugue that serves as an area of relaxation between statements of the subject. In a Baroque concerto, the free and inventive material that alternates with returns of the ritornello, or instrumental refrain.

Question 20

Toccata

Answer 20

Virtuoso composition, generally for organ or harpsichord, in a free and rhapsodic style; in the Baroque era, it often served as the introduction to a fugue.

Question 21

Prelude

Answer 21

Instrumental work preceding a larger work.

Question 22

Fugue

Answer 22

Polyphonic form popular in the Baroque era, in which one or more themes are developed by imitative counterpoint.

Question 23

Imitation

Answer 23

Melodic idea presented in one voice or part and then restated in another, each part continuing as others enter.

Question 24

Subject

Answer 24

The main idea or theme of a fugue.

Question 25

Answer

Answer 25

Second entry of the subject in a fugue, usually pitched a fourth below or a fifth above the subject.

Question 26

Countersubject

Answer 26

In a fugue, a secondary theme heard against the subject; a countertheme.

Question 27

Exposition

Answer 27

Opening section. In a fugue, the first section in which the voices enter in turn with the subject. In sonata-allegro form, the first section in which the major thematic material is stated. Also statement

Question 28

Augmentation

Answer 28

Statement of a melody in longer note values, often twice as slow as the original.

Question 29

Diminution

Answer 29

Statement of a melody in shorter note values, often twice as fast as the original.

Question 30

Retrograde

Answer 30

Backward statement of a melody.

Question 31

Inversion

Answer 31

Mirror or upside-down image of a melody or pattern, found in fugues and twelve-tone compositions.

Question 32

Stretto

Answer 32

In a fugue, when entries of the subject occur at faster intervals of time so that they overlap, forming dense, imitative counterpoint. Stretto usually occurs at the climatic moment near the end.