chapter 25 Flashcards
The _____ movement in England occurred when landowners evicted many of their tenant farmers to use the fields for new farming techniques.
Enclosure
Crop ______ allowed for a three-field system of farming that would reduce the exhaustion of soil nutrients.
Rotation
The first widespread Industrial Revolution began in this country.
England
_______ of production includes land, labor, and capital.
Factors
The cloth making industry is called the ______ industry.
Textile
This machine was to weave cloth.
Loom
The Spinning ______ made thread that was stronger, finer, and more consistent than earlier spinning machines.
Mule
Large buildings needing waterpower for manufacturing were called _____.
Factories
He invented a new machine to remove cotton seeds from the raw cotton plant.
Whitney
_______ is a person who organizes, manages, and takes on the risks of a business.
Entrepreneur
He invented a steam engine.
Watt
He found a way to mount a steam engine in a boat for power and used it on the Hudson River’s Clermont.
Fulton
He developed a new type of road bed that would not be as muddy as previous roads.
McAdam
This was an early steam locomotive on the Liverpool-Manchester Railroad.
Rocket
This was city building and the movement of people to cities.
Urbanization
Epidemics like _____ swept through the industrialized cities of England in the 1840s.
Cholera
This Factor of Production often went on strike to obtain better pay and working conditions.
Labor
This class consisted of skilled workers, professionals, businesspeople, and wealthy farmers.
Middle
The ______ class often watched their livelihoods disappear as machines replaced them.
Working
The ______ attempted to disrupt factories with destroying laborsaving machinery that often took their jobs.
Luddites
Textile mill city in central England that exploited cheap labor in manufacturing.
Manchester
Textile manufacturer in Massachusetts.
Lowell
________ played a major role in America’s industrialization leading to cities like Chicago and Minneapolis expanding rapidly during the late 1800s.
Railroads
To raise the money, entrepreneurs sold shares of ______, or certain rights of ownership.
Stock
Standard Oil Corporation was founded by _____.
Rockefeller
______ established a large thread spinning factories in Belgium
Cockerill
Germany’s coal and iron ore deposits were found in this region.
Ruhr
Industrialization led to a great _______ between the rich and poor classes in society.
Inequality
________ refers to the economic policy of letting owners of industry and business set working conditions without interference.
Laissez-faire
_____ established the free idea of economics including the law of self-interest, law of competition, and law of supply and demand.
Smith
_______ is an economic system in which the factors of production are privately owned and money is invested in business ventures to make a profit.
Capitalism
______ believed that wealthy people or the government must take action to improve people’s lives.
Socialists
New Harmony in Indiana, in 1825 was intended this community to be perfect living place called a _______.
Utopia
______ the factors of production are owned by the public and operate for the welfare of all.
Socialism
He wrote the Communist Manifesto.
Marx
______ form of complete socialism in which the means of production—all land, mines, factories, railroads, and businesses—would be owned by the people. Private property would in effect cease to exist. All goods and services would be shared equally.
Communism
Workers who organized themselves into associations created _____.
Unions
He worked diligently to abolish slavery in the British Empire.
Wilberforce
She worked in the United States for women’s rights.
Addams
He led the movement to reform education in Massachusetts.
Mann
