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2025 world history chapters > chapter 22 > Flashcards

chapter 22 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the term for an Earth-centered view?

A

Geocentric

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2
Q

The _____ revolution centered on careful observations and questioning.

A

Scientific

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3
Q

What is the term for a Sun-centered view?

A

Heliocentric

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4
Q

Galileo was primarily involved in which science?

A

Astronomy

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5
Q

Galileo had a conflict with the _____

A

Church

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6
Q

Newton was primarily involved in which science?

A

Physics

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7
Q

Temperature that is measured based on the state of water is known as _____

A

Celsius

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8
Q

Who believed only in four elements: Earth, air, fire, and water?

A

Aristotle

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9
Q

Boyle was primarily involved in which science?

A

Chemistry

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10
Q

Who wrote the book, Leviathan?

A

Hobbes

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11
Q

The era when new beliefs in government, religion, economics, and education began to change society is known as the _____

A

Enlightenment

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12
Q

Who was the Frenchman who encouraged religious toleration and fought against intolerance, prejudice, and superstition?

A

Voltaire

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13
Q

Montesquieu devoted himself to promoting the ______ of governmental powers.

A

Separation

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14
Q

Beccaria believed that _____ was abusive and ineffective at revealing the truth.

A

Torture

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15
Q

Wollstonecraft devoted her efforts at achieving a sense of equality for _____

A

Women

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16
Q

A view of non-religious and non-church centered thought is known as _____

A

Secular

17
Q

Who advocated for the self-interest approach to economic thinking?

A

Smith

18
Q

French gatherings where philosophers discussed ideas are known as _____

A

Salons

19
Q

What type of designs were extremely elaborate and complicated, such as at Versailles?

A

Baroque

20
Q

Greece and _____ established the neoclassical simple and elegant style of design.

A

Roman

21
Q

This classic English novel by Samuel Richardson tells the story of a young servant girl who resists the romantic advances of her employer. What is the title?

A

Pamela

22
Q

What is the title for an absolute ruler?

A

Despot

23
Q

Who was the absolute Russian ruler in the late 1700s?

A

Catherine

24
Q

Catherine fought numerous wars to consolidate Russian power over the _____ Sea coast and Poland.

A

Black

25
Q

What was a major leading cause of the outbreak of the American Revolution?

A

Taxes

26
Q

What was the site of the first skirmish of the American Revolution?

A

Lexington

27
Q

Who was the writer of the Declaration of Independence?

A

Jefferson

28
Q

Who was the English King who refused to grant the American colonists independence?

A

George III

29
Q

Which European nation provided significant assistance to the American Patriots during the American Revolution?

A

France

30
Q

General Charles Cornwallis surrenders the last major British force in America at this town, effectively ending the fighting portion of the American Revolution. What is the name of the town?

A

Yorktown

31
Q

What type of government was established by the American Patriots following the Revolution?

A

Republic

32
Q

The American Patriots wrote the ______ to establish a second American government which would be stronger and more effective than the first.

A

Constitution

33
Q

The _____ system allowed for the American states to retain some powers while allowing the central power to pass laws for the betterment of all states.

A

Federal

34
Q

This is one check and balance power of the president over the proposed laws passed by Congress in the United States.

A

Veto

35
Q

The ______ (three words) was added to the Constitution to protect individual liberties of the people.

A

Bill of Rights

36
Q

The ______ papers were written to convince the American States to ratify the new Constitution.

A

Federalist

2025 world history chapters (11 decks)

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