chapter 22 Flashcards
The _____ revolution centered on careful observations and questioning.
Scientific
What is the term for an Earth-centered view?
Geocentric
What is the term for a Sun-centered view?
Heliocentric
Galileo had a conflict with the _____
Church
Galileo was primarily involved in which science?
Astronomy
Newton was primarily involved in which science?
Physics
Temperature that is measured based on the state of water is known as _____
Celsius
Who believed only in four elements: Earth, air, fire, and water?
Aristotle
Boyle was primarily involved in which science?
Chemistry
Who wrote the book, Leviathan?
Hobbes
The era when new beliefs in government, religion, economics, and education began to change society is known as the _____
Enlightenment
Who was the Frenchman who encouraged religious toleration and fought against intolerance, prejudice, and superstition?
Voltaire
Montesquieu devoted himself to promoting the ______ of governmental powers.
Separation
Beccaria believed that _____ was abusive and ineffective at revealing the truth.
Torture
Wollstonecraft devoted her efforts at achieving a sense of equality for _____
Women
A view of non-religious and non-church centered thought is known as _____
Secular
Who advocated for the self-interest approach to economic thinking?
Smith
French gatherings where philosophers discussed ideas are known as _____
Salons
What type of designs were extremely elaborate and complicated, such as at Versailles?
Baroque
Greece and _____ established the neoclassical simple and elegant style of design.
Roman
This classic English novel by Samuel Richardson tells the story of a young servant girl who resists the romantic advances of her employer. What is the title?
Pamela
What is the title for an absolute ruler?
Despot
Who was the absolute Russian ruler in the late 1700s?
Catherine
Catherine fought numerous wars to consolidate Russian power over the _____ Sea coast and Poland.
Black
What was a major leading cause of the outbreak of the American Revolution?
Taxes
What was the site of the first skirmish of the American Revolution?
Lexington
Who was the writer of the Declaration of Independence?
Jefferson
Who was the English King who refused to grant the American colonists independence?
George III
Which European nation provided significant assistance to the American Patriots during the American Revolution?
France
General Charles Cornwallis surrenders the last major British force in America at this town, effectively ending the fighting portion of the American Revolution. What is the name of the town?
Yorktown
What type of government was established by the American Patriots following the Revolution?
Republic
The American Patriots wrote the ______ to establish a second American government which would be stronger and more effective than the first.
Constitution
The _____ system allowed for the American states to retain some powers while allowing the central power to pass laws for the betterment of all states.
Federal
This is one check and balance power of the president over the proposed laws passed by Congress in the United States.
Veto
The ______ (three words) was added to the Constitution to protect individual liberties of the people.
Bill of Rights
The ______ papers were written to convince the American States to ratify the new Constitution.
Federalist
