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Clinical Chemistry > Chapter 24: Tumor Markers > Flashcards

Chapter 24: Tumor Markers Flashcards

1
Q

Alkaline phosphatase (CH 10)

A

Relates to liver/bone cancer; NOT specific

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1
Q

Creatine kinase (CK)

A

Elevated in small cell carcinoma of the lung and prostate cancer; NOT specific

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2
Q

Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)

A

Correlates well with tumor mass in solid tumors

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3
Q

B-HCG

A

Elevated in pregnancy and testicular cancer; serum levels correlate with tumor volume and disease progression

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4
Q

Calcitonin

A

Can be used as a screening tool for thyroid cancer

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5
Q

Alpha fetoprotein (AFP)

A

Elevated in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (liver cancer); measuring AFP and HCG together can classify germ cell tumors

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6
Q

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA)

A

3 forms: tPSA, fPSA, cPSA; used for the detection of prostate cancer

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7
Q

Free PSA (fPSA)

A

Can be expressed as a percent (fPSA/tPSA x 100) = %fPSA

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8
Q

Complex PSA (cPSA)

A

Better sensitivity and specificity than tPSA

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9
Q

CA 15-3

A

Used as a surveillance marker for breast cancer

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10
Q

HER-2/neu

A

Used as a prognostic indicator of overall survival in breast cancer patients

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11
Q

BRCA1 and BRCA2

A

Indicates a higher chance to develop breast or ovarian cancer

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12
Q

CA 549

A

Useful in detecting breast cancer recurrence

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13
Q

CA 27.29

A

High concentration in breast cancer patients; SENSITIVE BUT NOT SPECIFIC; elevated in other cancers

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14
Q

CA 125

A

Elevated in carcinomas and benign disease of various organs; ordered as a baseline for any ovarian cyst/tumor but not specific to ovarian cancer

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15
Q

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)

A

Useful for detecting colon cancer recurrence; sensitive but not specific. Mainly used to monitor therapy

16
Q

CA 19-9

A

AKA gastrointestinal cancer-associated antigen (GICA) Pancreatic cancer tumor marker; measured with CEA for early detection of recurrence

17
Q

Bladder tumor antigen (BTA)

A

Only antigen test that can be done in urine; tumor antigens in urine are the easiest to analyze

18
Q

Nuclear matrix protein-22 (NMP)

A

Qualitative urine proteomic assay that detects the NMP-22 protein

19
Q

Neuron-specific enolase (NSE)

A

Sensitive for the detection of small cell lung cancer; not specific because it is also found in other tumors

20
Q

CYFRA 21-1

A

Useful as a marker for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)

Clinical Chemistry (13 decks)

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