Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Clinical Chemistry > Chapter 22: Toxic Substances > Flashcards

Chapter 22: Toxic Substances Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Chemistry flashcards Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

Acetaminophen

A

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID); anti-inflammatory effects, analgesic effects, and antipyretic effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Reye’s syndrome

A

Rare disorder in children caused by aspirin, a salicylate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Ethanol

A

Can cause liver failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Carbon monoxide

A

Binding affinity is 200-240 times greater than oxygen, can bind to hemoglobin very tightly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Drugs of abuse urine (DAU) screening tests

A

Thin layer chromatography, immunoassays (EMIT, FPIA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Drugs of abuse urine (DAU) quantitative analysis tests

A

GC, HPLC, GC-MS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Amphetamines

A

Psychomotor stimulants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Barbiturates

A

Drowsiness, sleepiness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cannabinoids

A

THC-COOH is the primary metabolite detected in urine drug screening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Cocaine

A

Qualitative screening test is designed to detect the metabolite benzoylecgonine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Methadone

A

Classified as a narcotic analgesic drug or opiate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Opiate

A

Any substance that produces morphine-like effects that are blocked by antagonists; immunoassays are designed to detect morphine and codeine at a cutoff concentration (sensitive)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Phencyclidine (PCP)

A

Psychedelic or hallucinogenic drugs; classified into two groups: drugs with a chemical resemblance to neurotransmitters and drugs that are unrelated to neurotransmitters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA)

A

Immunoassays for quantitative TCAs in serum and urinary TCA qualitative screening are often provided

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Urine specimen validity

A

Depends on specific gravity; diluted urine will have creatinine and specific gravity that are lower than expected, while substituted urine will have extremely low specific gravity values

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Specific gravity of water

A

1

17
Q

Lead exposure

A

Most commonly occurs through ingestion or inhalation

18
Q

Absorbed lead that is not excreted is exchanged among three compartments

A

Blood, soft tissue, and mineralizing tissues

19
Q

Sources of lead exposure

A

Occupational exposure, environmental exposure, hobby exposure

20
Q

Lead can induce two types of anemia

A

Acute lead exposure: hemolytic anemia, chronic lead exposure: hypochromic microcytic anemia

Clinical Chemistry (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions