Chapter 24: Soft Tissue Injuries

Question 1

Describe crush syndrome

Answer 1

Significant metabolic derangement that develops when crushed extremities or body parts remain trapped for prolonged periods. Can lead to renal failure and death.

Question 2

What’s an avulsion?

Answer 2

An injury in which soft tissue is torn completely loose or is hanging as a flap.

Question 3

What are the characteristic severe burns in infants and children?

Answer 3

Any full thickness burn

Partial thickness burns covering more than 20% of the body’s total surface area.

Question 4

What are the characteristics of moderate burns in children and infants?

Answer 4

Partial thickness burns covering 10-20% of the body’s total surface area.

Question 5

What are the characteristics of minor burns in children and infants?

Answer 5

Partial thickness burns covering less than 10% of the body’s total surface area.

Question 6

What are severe burns in adults?

Answer 6

Full thickness burns involving the hands, feet, face, upper airway, or genitalia or circumferential burns of other areas
Full thickness burns covering more than 10% of the total surface area
Partial thickness burns covering more than 30% of the total surface area
Burns associated with respiratory injury
Burns complicated by fractures
Burns on patients older than 55 that would be classified as moderate on younger adults.

Question 7

What are moderate burns in adults?

Answer 7

Full thickness burns involving 2-10% of the total surface area
Partial thickness burns covering 15-30% of total surface area
Superficial burns covering more than 50% of the total surface area.

Question 8

What are minor burns in adults?

Answer 8

Full thickness burns covering less than 2% of total surface area
Partial thickness burns covering less than 15% of total surface area
Superficial burns covering less than 50% of total surface area

Question 9

You treat closed injuries using the mnemonic RICES. What does that stand for?

Answer 9

Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevation
Splinting