Chapter 24 Flashcards
Hernan Cortes
Led soldiers to Mexico and made his way to the island city of Tenochtitlan. Built small fleet of ships, placed Tenochtitlan under siege, & starved them into surrender.
Doña Marina
(sent by her family to the Mexican coast as a slave, new family later passed her on to their neighbors in the Yucatan peninsula.) Facilitated Spanish conquest of Aztecs & new society in Mexico
mestizo
mixed
Taino
Most prominent people in the Carribean when Spanish Mariners arrived there
encomienda
An institution which they used for recruitment of labor. (Encomenderos- settlers who Taino worked for.)
Motecuzoma II
Emperor of the Aztec empire. (Died in 1520 during a skirmish between Spanish forces & residents of Tenochtitlan.)
Francisco Pizarro
Led a Spanish expedition from Central America to Peru (1530). Seized Inca elites & killed most of them. (Search for treasure even after Inca rule.)
Atahualpa
One of the two brothers within the Inca ruling house. Was spared after siege until he delivered gold to Pizarro, then was decapitated.
viceroy
the King’s representatives in America who wielded considerable power.
audiencias
The review of courts. Conducted reviews of viceroys. Local administration fell to them in many regions.
Treaty of Tordesillas
Spain & Portugal signed it. Divided the world along an imaginary North-South line. Spain could claim land to the W and Portugal E of the line, as long as it wasn’t under Christian rule already
penninsulare
migrants born in Europe
metis
French word for “mixed”
hacienda
the estate which produced foodstuffs for its own use and for sale to local markets in nearby mining areas. (Most prominent site of agricultural & craft production in Spanish America.)
