Chapter 23: The New Era; The 1920s Flashcards
Warren Harding
Republican nominee for president WWI
~Who was elected in a landslide
Fordney-McCumber Tariff
Increase in tariff rates during the presidency of Warren Harding
Teapot Dome Scandal
Secretary of the Interior Albert B. Fall caused this during Harding’s presidency
~Fall had accepted bribes for granting oil leases near Teapot Dome, Wyoming
~Harding died soon after the scandal broke
Calvin Coolidge
Harding’s Vice President and successor who won based on popularity in 1919 for Massachusetts governor
~Called “silent cal”
~Re-nominated in 1924 after only a year in office after Harding’s death
Herbert Hoover
Republican nominee in the Election of 1928 after Coolidge refused to run again
~Served under 3 presidents (Wilson, Harding, and Coolidge)
~Promised to extend “Coolidge prosperity”
Alfred Smith
Hoover’s Democratic opponent and governor of New York
~Roman Catholic and an opponent of Prohibition, was popular amongst immigrants in the cities
~Many Protestants were openly prejudiced against him
Henry Ford
Automobile manufacturer in America
~Perfected the assembly line
Open Shop
Means of keeping jobs open to non union workers were practiced by many companies in the 20s
Charles Lindbergh
A young aviator who in 1927 thrilled the nation and the entire world by flying nonstop across the Atlantic from Long Island to Paris
~Americans listened to the radio for news of his flight
~Welcomed his return to the U.S. with ticker parades larger than the welcome given to the returning soldiers of WWI
Sigmund Freud
Austrian psychiatrist who stressed the role of sexual repression in mental illness
Margaret Sanger
Advocate of birth control in the 1920s
Flappers
Young women influenced by the movie stars at the time
~Wore dresses hemmed at the knee instead of the ankle
~Bobbed their hair
~Smoked cigarettes
~Drove cars
Modernism
A large number of Protestants that defined their faith in new ways
~Caused a range of influences: the changing role of women, the Social Gospel movement, and scientific knowledge
~Took a historical and critical view of certain passages in the Bible and believed they could accept Darwin’s Theory of Evolution without abandoning their religious faith
Fundamentalism
A group of Protestant preachers in rural areas who condemned the modernists
~Taught that every word of the Bible must be accepted as literally true
~Key point was that creationism explained the origin of all life
~Blamed the liberal view of modernists for the decline of morals
“The Lost Generation”
Writers who scorned religion as hypocritical and bitterly condemned the sacrifices of wartime as a fraud perpetuated by money interests were the dominant themes of the leading writers
~F. Scott Fitzgerald, Ernest Hemingway, Sinclair Lewis, Ezra Pound, T.S. Eliot, Eugene O’Neill
~Took up drinking or moved to Europe