Chapter 23

Question 1

totalitarianism

Answer 1

a theory of government in which a single party or leader controls the economic, social, and cultural lives of its people

Question 2

Joseph Stalin

Answer 2

Head of the communist party in Russia after Lenin died in 1924. The great purge of traitors- >10 million people killed

Question 3

Benito Mussolini

Answer 3

founded the Fascist Party in Italy-fought violently with socialists/communists. In 1922, the King asked Mussolini to form a government because he was afraid of a revolution. Mussolini wanted to establish a New Roman Empire. He formed a secret police and youth organizations

Question 4

Adolf Hitler

Answer 4

German dictator and leader of the Nazi Party. Primarily against communists and Jews. Hitler was originally seen as a great help to the German people and economy because he pulled it out of depression. He wanted a superior (Arian) race

Question 5

antisemetic

Answer 5

prejudice against the Jewish people

Question 6

Spanish Civil War

Answer 6

Between the republicans and nationalists of spain. Nationalists believed in a dictatorship, Germany and Italy sided with them. Republicans did not want a dictatorship, the Soviet Union provided some support to them. We learned about this because it was a “practice” for the Germans to prepare for WW2

Question 7

appeasement

Answer 7

The policy that France and Britain pursued against aggressive nations during the 1930s. It granted concessions to potential enemies in order to maintain peace

Question 8

Anschluss

Answer 8

A German union that took over Austria

Question 9

Munich Pact

Answer 9

agreement between Britain, France, and Germany to sacrifice Sudentenland to preserve peace

Question 10

blitzkrieg

Answer 10

literal translation to “lightning war” which described the attack from Germany on Poland (Poland had a very weak army with old traditions)

Question 11

Axis Powers

Answer 11

consisted of Germany, Italy, and Japan

Question 12

Allies

Answer 12

Britain, France, and eventually many other nations including the Soviet Union, the US, and China

Question 13

Winston Churchill

Answer 13

prime minister of Britain during the war

Question 14

Neutrality Act of 1939

Answer 14

allowed Roosevelt more room to aid the Allies, it included a cash and carry provision, which permitted the exchange of goods between the US and other nations, since Britain was in control of the waters, they were able to use this to their advantage

Question 15

Tripartite Act

Answer 15

Germany, Italy, and Japan became allies

Question 16

Lend-Lease Act

Answer 16

allowed Roosevelt to exchange weapons and military instruments that is in the defense of the US. Provided the Allies with a great amount of aid and was seen by Hitler as an economic declaration of war

Question 17

Atlantic Charter

Answer 17

signed by Churchill and Roosevelt, deepening the alliance between the nations. It endorsed national self-determination and an international system of “general security”

Question 18

Hideki Tojo

Answer 18

Japanese prime minister in 1941. wanted military expansion. After US refused his latest demand, he planned an attack on Pearl Harbor

Question 19

Pearl Harbor

Answer 19

On December 7th, 1941, Japan attacked and ruined many of the ships and plans at this large naval base. Thousands died, but luckily the American Pacific Fleet had survived.

Question 20

WAC

Answer 20

Women’s Army Corps, women took on jobs to aid the men in service.

Question 21

Douglas MacArthur

Answer 21

commander of US army forces in Asia. he was in the Philippines with troops when they were attacked. He was forced to retreat to Australia while the troops were attacked, captured, and many died during the Bataan Death March

Question 22

Bataan Death March

Answer 22

Japanese took Filipino and US troops as POWs and made them march 65 miles, many were executed, shot at, injured, or died from natural causes of the march

Question 23

Battle of Coral Sea

Answer 23

The first sea fight in which enemy war ships never saw each other, it was entirely fought by air force. Technically neither won, but it was seen in the eyes of the Americans to be a victory because they stopped the Japanese from continuing their intention of capturing New Guinea.