Chapter 18

Question 1

imperialism

Answer 1

The policy by which strong nations extended their political, military, and economic control over weaker territories

Question 2

extractive economics

Answer 2

imperial country extracted/removed raw materials from the colony and then shipped them to the home country

Question 3

Why did the US start this age of imperialism?

Answer 3

During the late 1800’s the US produced more goods than could be consumed and needed to begin selling overseas to prevent unemployment.

Question 4

Alfred T. Mahan

Answer 4

military historian/officer in the US navy who played a key role in transforming America to a strong naval power
US built steel-plated, steam powered battleships
by 1900, US had the 3rd largest navy

Question 5

Social Darwinism

Answer 5

The belief that life consists of competitive struggles in which only the fittest survive.

Question 6

Fredrick J Turner

Answer 6

noted that the frontier had been closed by gradual settlement in the 19th century

Question 7

Matthew Perry

Answer 7

1853, he went to Japan and won over the emperor, began trade with them.

Question 8

William Seward

Answer 8

Sec. of state (1867) bought Alaska for $7.2 million, seen as a bad buy, but later realized to have many resources

Question 9

Queen Liliuokalani

Answer 9

of HI, resented the increase of the white planter’s power, who owned much of the land.
She was overthrown by rebels and the new government asked the US for annexation (denied by Grover Cleveland, but later accepted by William McKinley in 1898)

Question 10

5 steps to imperialism

Answer 10

1) Commercial/Business Interests
2) Military/Strategic interests
3) social Darwinist thinking
4) Religious/Missionary interests
5) Closing the american frontier

Question 11

Commercial/Business Interests

Answer 11

too many products. increase exports
IN HI- Mckinley tariff- raised imports exponentially (protect from foreign competition) this was a disaster for those in HI because people in the US stopped buying their products

Question 12

Military/Strategic interests

Answer 12

US needs HI as a coal stop to trade with the Philippines.

Buy naval area, protect trade of goods to markets

Question 13

Social Darwinist thinking

Answer 13

Americanize and educate. white, christian nation. civilized the uncivilized.

Question 14

Religious/Missionary interests

Answer 14

Americanize, normal-white, christian american (anything else is savage, and must change)

Question 15

Closing the American Frontier

Answer 15

Need new place to escape to, since western frontier is completely populated. Attempts to use HI. (fredrick j turner)

Question 16

Jose Marti

Answer 16

cuban patriot (1895), launched war for independence from spain

Question 17

William Randolph Hearst

Answer 17

newspaper publisher who heightened the public’s dislike of the Spanish government (along with Joseph Pulitzer-Yellow Press)

Question 18

jingoism

Answer 18

extreme nationalism, caused by letter from spain insulting McKinley

Question 19

George Dewey

Answer 19

commodore, led vessels to Philippines and destroyed a Sp. ship stationed there

Question 20

Emilio Aguinaldo

Answer 20

Filipino nationalist who helped lead the Filipinos to freedom from Spain

Question 21

Rough Riders

Answer 21

Cavalry Unit led by TR

Question 22

Treaty of Paris

Answer 22

1898-ended war: Spain gave up control of Cuba, PR, and pacific island of Guam, sold Philippines to US for $20 million

Question 23

Filipino Insurrection

Answer 23

rebellion against US rule, guerilla warfare,

spring 1901-Aguinaldo was caught (beginning of the end)

Question 24

Taft

Answer 24

Helped recover from rebellion in Philippines (governor)

Question 25

Jones Act

Answer 25

1916-Philippines would ultimately gain freedom (actually happened 30 years ago)

Question 26

spheres of influence

Answer 26

china was in disarray- Britain, France, Germany, and Russia had privileges which threatened to limit American trade in China

Question 27

John Hay

Answer 27

(sec of state) issued 1st of a series of notes to foreign diplomats in 1899

Question 28

Boxer Rebellion

Answer 28

“secret society” that killed foreign missionaries. European, American, and Japanese troops ended it

Question 29

Open Door Policy

Answer 29

US would not make colonies in China, wanted to maintain “open door” with China to trade

Question 30

Russo-Japanese War

Answer 30

TR won nobel peace prize for negotiating an end to the war.

Question 31

Foraker Act

Answer 31

1900, authorized the prez to appoint a govn’or & part of the puerto rican legislature

Question 32

Jones-Shafroth Act

Answer 32

Puerto Ricans have more citizenship rights, greater control over legislature

Question 33

Platt Amendment

Answer 33

restricted the rights of newly independent Cubans and effectively brought the island within the US sphere. Prevented Cuba from signing treaty with another nation without American approval. Also required Cuba to lease naval stations to US

Question 34

“big stick” diplomacy

Answer 34

TR’s policy for US action in Latino America (depended on strong military to achieve goals)

Question 35

Panama Canal

Answer 35

after french abandoned the attempt of the canal, the US wanted to start rebuilding. Colombia said no. there was a war between panama and colombia. panama declared freedom and allowed US to begin work on canal.

Question 36

Roosevelt Corollary

Answer 36

updated the monroe doctrine for an age of economic imperialism

Question 37

Gentleman’s Agreement

Answer 37

the san francisco school board would end it’s segregation policies, and Japan would limit the emigration of its citizens to the US