Chapter 23

Question 1

what does the digestive system do?

Answer 1

converts food into raw materials that build and fuel cells

Question 2

main functions of the digestive system

Answer 2

take in food
break it down into nutrient molecules
absorb nutrient molecules into the bloodstream
rid body of indigestible remains

Question 3

two groups of organs in the digestive system

Answer 3

1. alimentary canal (GI tract)
2. accessory digestive organs

Question 4

six digestive processes

Answer 4

ingestion, propulsion, mechanical breakdown, digestion, absorption and deification

Question 5

eating

Answer 5

ingestion

Question 6

movement of food through the alimentary canal- includes swallowing and peristalsis

Answer 6

propulsion

Question 7

includes chewing, mixing food with saliva, churning food in the stomach and segmentation

Answer 7

mechanical breakdown

Question 8

series of catabolic steps involving enzymes that break down complex food molecules into chemical building blocks

Answer 8

digestion

Question 9

passage of digested fragments from GI tract into blood or lymph

Answer 9

absorption

Question 10

elimination of indigestible substances via anus in form of feces

Answer 10

elimination

Question 11

peristalsis

Answer 11

ADJACENT segments of the alimentary canal organs alternately contract and relax

Question 12

segmentation

Answer 12

NONADJACENT segments of the alimentary canal organs contract an relax

Question 13

major means of food propulsion; alternating waves of smooth muscle contraction and relaxation

Answer 13

peristalsis

Question 14

local constriction of intestine that mixes food with digestive juices

Answer 14

segmentation

Question 15

peristalsis or segmentation?
1. food is moved distally along the tract
2. primarily mixes food and breaks it down mechanically, some propulsion occurs
3. primarily propulsive, some mixing may occur
4. food is moved forward then backward

Answer 15

1.peristalsis
2.segmentation
3. peristalsis
4. segmentation