Blood (Lab midterm)

Question 1

major components of blood (centrifuge)

Answer 1

bottom layer: erythrocytes, 45% of blood
middle layer: buffy coat (platelets and leukocytes) <1% of blood
top layer: plasma, 55% of blood

Question 2

small biconcave discs that carry hemoglobin

Answer 2

erythrocytes

Question 3

structure of hemoglobin

Answer 3

four heme groups that can each bind one O2 molecule, iron ions and four globins

Question 4

erythrocyte differentiation pathway

Answer 4

hematopoietic stem cell, reticulocyte, erythrocyte

Question 5

agranulocytes

Answer 5

lymphocytes & monocytes

Question 6

granulocytes

Answer 6

neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils

Question 7

function of lymphocytes

Answer 7

mount immune response by direct cell attack or via antibodies

Question 8

function of monocytes

Answer 8

phagocytosis

Question 9

function of neutrophils

Answer 9

phagocytize bacteria

Question 10

function of eosinophils

Answer 10

kill parasitic worms, allergies & asthma

Question 11

function of basophils

Answer 11

inflammation

Question 12

cytoplasmic fragments of larger megakaryocytes; involved in blood clotting cascade

Answer 12

platelets

Question 13

function of platelets

Answer 13

forms a temporary plug in damaged blood vessels

Question 14

what determines blood group

Answer 14

presence of antigen