Chapter 22 Flashcards
What was Aristotle’s thoughts on fossils and when did he think of it?
Fossils were once living animals. 350 BC
What was Avicenna’s thoughts on fossils and when did he think of it?
Fossils principle of superposition. 1027
What was Shen Kuo’s thoughts on fossils and when did he think of it?
Fossils, deep time. 1050
What was N. Steno’s thoughts on fossils and when did he think of it?
Law of superposition. 1600’s
What was A. G. Werner’s thoughts on fossils and when did he think of it?
Divided rocks into four types; neptunist, young earth, catastrophism. late 1700s
What was James Hutton’s thoughts on fossils and when did he think of it?
Theory of the Earth, founder of modern geology, uniformitarianism, uncomformitites, plutonist, old earth. Late 1700s
What was William “Strata” Smith’s thoughts on fossils and when did he think of it?
Correlation of rocks, first geological map. Early 1800s
What was Arthur Holmes’s thoughts on fossils and when did he think of it?
Pioneered geochronology, first radiometric dating, age of the earth, mantle convection, first geological time scale. Early to middle 1900s
When was the geological time discovered?
1913
What’s the Prescoan (Hadean) time (Era) and when did it occur?
Formation of the planet and no rock known. 4.6-4.0 Ga
What’s the Archean time (Era) and when did it occur?
Oldest known rocks, plate tectonics begin, oxygen-poor atmosphere, first life. 4.0-2.5 Ga
What’s the Proterozoic (Era) time?
Large continents, Oxygen in atmosphere, first multi-cellular life.
When was the first land organisms exist?
Middle Ordovician; 458 Ma
When was the first fish exist?
Late Cambrian; 514 Ma
When was the first tree, insect, and amphibian exist?
Early Devonian ; 390 Ma
When was the first land plant and land animal exist?
Middle Silurian; 425 Ma
When did the coal age and Pangea supercontinent occur?
Late Carboniferous; 306 Ma
When was the first reptile exist?
Early Carboniferous; 356 Ma
When was the first mammal and dinosaur exist?
Early Triassic; 327 Ma
When did the mass extinction occur?
Late Permian; 255 Ma
When was the first flowering plant, appearance of modern oceans, and the end of extinction occur?
Late Cretaceous; 94 Ma
When was the age of dinosaurs, first bird existed, and pangea breaks up?
Early Jurassic: 195 Ma
When did the Himalayas form and the modern continent arrangement?
Middle Miocene: 14 Ma
When did modern animals exist and the age of mammals?
Middle Eocene: 52 Ma
What period is compared to these months? Jan. - 3/4 of Nov.
Precambrian period
What’s an index fossil?
A fossil that is useful for dating and correlating the strata in which it is found.
What’s strata?
Sedimentary layers
What’s the law of faunal succession?
Sedimentary rock containing fossilized flora and faune that succeed each other vertically in a specific, reliable order that can be identified over wide horizontal distancaes
