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Anatomy & Physiology II Lecture > Chapter 21: The Lymphatic and Immune Systems Connect HW > Flashcards

Chapter 21: The Lymphatic and Immune Systems Connect HW Flashcards

1
Q

When the body acquires antibodies from another person or an animal that has developed its own immunity to the pathogen, this type of immunity is classified as

A

passive immunity

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2
Q

is an abnormal elevation in body temperature NOT due to failed thermoregulation

A

Fever

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3
Q

The thymus is considered part of several body systems. Name these.

A
  • endocrine system
  • lymphatic system
  • immune system
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4
Q

A person develops resistance to a virus picked up from a drinking fountain

A

Natural Active Immunity

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5
Q

A person is given an attenuated smallpox virus and develops resistance

A

Artificial Active Immunity

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6
Q

A baby acquires resistance to a virus through antibodies obtained through breast milk

A

Natural Passive Immunity

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7
Q

An antibody is injected into a person who has been bitten by a snake. The antibody infers resistance.

A

Artificial Passive Immunity

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8
Q

The ______ line of defense is the immune system, which not only defeats a pathogen but leaves the body with a “memory” of it, enabling us to defeat it so quickly in future encounters that the pathogen no longer causes no illness

A

third

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9
Q

Identify the body’s largest lymphatic organ, located in the left hypochondriac region

A

spleen

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10
Q

The type of defense that requires prior exposure to a pathogen, and provides future protection future against that pathogen, is called ________ defense.

A

specific

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11
Q

List cells that function as antigen presenting cells

A
  • B cells
  • dendritic cells
  • macrophages
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12
Q

Humoral immunity is mediated by antibodies secreted by ________ cells

A

B

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13
Q

List the correct order of lymphatic flow through a lymph node

A
  • afferent lymphatic vessel
  • subcapsular sinus of the cortex
  • sinuses of cortex and medulla
  • efferent lymphatic vessel
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14
Q

The type of defense that guards against a broad range of pathogens is ________ resistance

A

nonspecific

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15
Q

Name the group of cells that phagocytize and display antigenic fragments on their surface, allowing recognition by other cells of the immune system

A

APC

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16
Q

List the features of the tonsils

A
  • tonsillar crypts
  • an incomplete fibrous capsule
  • lymphatic nodules
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17
Q

List the features of the skin that offer immunoprotection

A
  • continuous barrier to the external environment, presence of lactic acid, presence of defensins
18
Q

Any large molecule capable triggering an immune response is called an

A

antigen

19
Q

Follow the flow of lymphatic fluid in the correct order beginning with the blood capillaries:

A
  1. blood capillaries (blood)
  2. interstitial spaces (interstitial fluid)
  3. lymphatic capillaries (lymph)
  4. lymphatic vessels (lymph)
  5. lymphatic ducts (lymph)
  6. internal jugular and subclavian vein junction (blood)
20
Q

The first line of defense against pathogens consists of:

A

external barriers

21
Q

What are the main functions of the lymphatic system?

A
  • absorption of lipids
  • fluid recovery from tissues
  • immunity
22
Q

The second line of defense against pathogens consists of:

A

antimicrobial proteins, leukocytes, and macrophages

23
Q

Name the cells that release inflammatory mediators such as histamine, leukotrienes, and heparin

A
  • mast cells

- basophils

24
Q

List three examples of microbial proteins

A
  • complement
  • defensins
  • interferon
25
Q

Distinct connective tissue capsules are found surrounding the lymphatic _________

A

organs

26
Q

Name the cells that produce the stroma of lymphatic organs

A

reticular cells

27
Q

In ______ _______ immunity, the body makes its own antibodies or T cells against a pathogen

A

natural active

28
Q

The function of a lacteal

A

absorb triglycerides and other lipids from digested food

29
Q

_______ T cells perform a central coordinating role in both humoral and cellular immunity

A

Helper

30
Q

List 3 secondary lymphoid organs

A
  • lymph nodes
  • spleen
  • tonsils
31
Q

List the functions of a lymph node

A
  • site of B and T cell activation

- filtration of lymph

32
Q

A small organ found along the course of a lymphatic vessel that filters the lymph and functions as an activation site for B and T cells is called the _____ _____

A

lymph node

33
Q

The ______ _______ cell is a lymphatic cell that functions to non-specifically target bacteria, transplanted tissue cells, and virally infected or cancerous host cells

A

natural killer

34
Q

The proteins found in blood that are involved in nonspecific defense against pathogens are called:

A

complement

35
Q

The four classes of hypersensitivity with their description

A

Type I = acute
Type II = antibody dependent cytotoxicity
Type III = immune complex
Type IV = delayed

36
Q

The following factors cause or contribute to the flow of lymph:

A
  • the respiratory pump
  • the skeletal muscle pump
  • valves
37
Q

Where exactly is lymph found?

A

lymphatic vessels

38
Q

Name the external barrier that is coated with antimicrobial chemicals such as lactic acid, dermicidin, and definsins

A

Skin

39
Q

______ ______ produce and secrete antibodies

A

Plasma cells

40
Q

Define edema

A

abnormal accumulation of fluid in tissues

41
Q

List the events of B cell recognition and attach in the correct order:

A
  1. immunocompetent B cells bind to antigen
  2. B cell internalizes/displays antigen on MHC-II to TH cell
  3. TH cell secretes interleurkins which activate the B cell
  4. B cell undergoes clonal selection
  5. differentiation of B cells into plasma cells and memory cells
  6. plasma cells produce and secrete antibodies
42
Q

Antibodies function to render antigens harmless by:

A
  • complement fixation, precipitation, agglutination, and neutralization

Anatomy & Physiology II Lecture (5 decks)

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