Chapter 21 Respiratory Diseases COPY Flashcards
The process used for identifying the different carbohydrates of streptococci is called
A. Lancefield grouping.
B. CHO typing.
C. streptococci.
D. fermentation testing.
A. Lancefield grouping.
Rebecca Lancefield showed that almost all the strains of b-hemolytic streptococci from human infections
A. could cause rheumatic fever.
B. had the same cell wall carbohydrate “A”.
C. had variable cell wall carbohydrates.
D. responded to penicillin.
B. had the same cell wall carbohydrate “A”.
The scientist who developed a system of identifying the variety of strains of streptococci was
A. Hans Zimmer.
B. Donald Sutherland.
C. O. T. Avery.
D. Rebecca Lancefield.
D. Rebecca Lancefield.
Enlargement of which of the following structures may contribute to ear infections by interfering with normal drainage from eustachian tubes?
A. nasal chamber
B. nasal conchae
C. epiglottis
D. adenoids
D. adenoids
The conjuctivae
A. have no resident bacteria.
B. are often covered with bacteria.
C. are populated with S. aureus.
D. are populated with S. pyogenes.
A. have no resident bacteria.
The eyes are protected from infection by
A. the washing action of the tears and eyelids.
B. the chemical action of lysozyme.
C. the use of contact lenses.
D. the dryness of the eye surface.
E. the washing action of the tears and eyelids AND the chemical action of lysozyme.
E. the washing action of the tears and eyelids AND the chemical action of lysozyme.
The cause of strep throat is
A. Staphylococcus aureus
B. Streptococcus pyogenes- beta-hemolytic, group A
C. Staphylococcus pyogenes- alpha-hemolytic, group B
D. Streptococcus pneumoniae
B. Streptococcus pyogenes- beta-hemolytic, group A
Which of the following is associated with the upper respiratory system?
A. humidifying inhaled air
B. warming inhaled air
C. cooling inhaled air
D. drying inhaled air
E. humidifying inhaled air AND warming inhaled air
E. humidifying inhaled air AND warming inhaled air
Rapid diagnostic tests for streptococcal infections may utilize
A. blood agar.
B. antibodies.
C. DNA probes.
D. the Kirby-Bauer test.
E. antibodies AND DNA probes.
E. antibodies AND DNA probes.
Virulence factors used by S. pyogenes may be
A. Protein F.
B. M Protein.
C. a capsule.
D. Protein G.
E. All of the choices are correct.
E. All of the choices are correct
The disease characterized by the appearance of a toxin-mediated rash that spares the area around the mouth and causes the tongue to look like the surface of a ripe strawberry is
A. measles.
B. chickenpox.
C. strep throat.
D. scarlet fever.
D. scarlet fever.
A bacteriophage is necessary for toxin production in
A. E. coli.
B. Staphylococcus aureus.
C. Streptococcus pyogenes.
D. C. diphtheriae.
D. C. diphtheriae.
Diphtheria toxin works on
A. lysosomes.
B. mitochondria.
C. chloroplasts.
D. elongation factor 2.
D. elongation factor 2.
Which is used in the vaccination for C. diphtheriae?
A. protein A
B. M protein
C. toxoid
D. red blood cells
C. toxoid
The most common bacterial pathogen(s) involved with sinusitis, otitis media and conjunctivitis is/are
A. S. aureus
B. H. influenzae
C. S. pneumoniae
D. S. epidermidis
E. H. influenzae AND S. pneumoniae
E. H. influenzae AND S. pneumoniae
Otitis media and sinusitis are usually preceded by a(n)
A. middle ear infection.
B. pseudomonal infection.
C. oropharyngeal infection.
D. nasopharyngeal infection.
D. nasopharyngeal infection.
Otitis media probably develops from an infection that spread
A. from the outer ear to the middle ear.
B. from the sensory neurons of the middle ear.
C. through the tympanic membrane.
D. upward through the eustachian tube.
D. upward through the eustachian tube.
The eyes connect directly to the nasal passage through the
A. frontal sinuses.
B. nasolacrimal ducts.
C. middle ear.
D. tonsils.
B. nasolacrimal ducts.
Most colds are probably caused by
A. rhinovirus.
B. S. aureus.
C. Pseudomonas sp.
D. E. coli.
A. rhinovirus.
Rhinoviruses need to be grown
A. in living cells.
B. in synthetic media.
C. on blood agar.
D. at 33°C.
E. in living cells AND at 33°C.
E. in living cells AND at 33°C.
The rhinovirus contains
A. single-stranded RNA.
B. double-stranded RNA.
C. double-stranded DNA.
D. multiple pieces of single-stranded DNA.
A. single-stranded RNA.
The reservoir of the common cold is the
A. family pet.
B. human.
C. infected fomite.
D. fruit.
B. human.
A vaccine for the common cold is not feasible because
A. the surface antigens of rhinovirus mutate frequently.
B. the cause is unknown.
C. the rhinovirus cannot be grown in sufficient quantities.
D. there are more than 100 types of rhinovirus.
D. there are more than 100 types of rhinovirus.
Colds are effectively treated with
A. antibiotics.
B. aspirin and acetaminophen.
C. proteases.
D. nucleotide analogs.
E. None of the choices is correct.
E. None of the choices is correct.
Effective preventive methods for avoiding the common cold is/are
A. hand washing.
B. avoiding crowds.
C. not touching one’s face.
D. avoiding close contact with people with colds.
E. All of the choices are correct.
E. All of the choices are correct.
The disease that closely resembles “strep throat” but is of viral origin is
A. the common cold.
B. otitis media.
C. tonsilitis.
D. adenoviral pharyngitis.
D. adenoviral pharyngitis.
Adenoviral pharyngitis is effectively treated with
A. antibiotics.
B. lysozyme.
C. proteases.
D. nucleotide analogs.
E. None of the choices is correct.
E. None of the choices is correct.
Which of the following are considered diseases of the lower respiratory tract?
A. diphtheria and pneumonia
B. influenza and diphtheria
C. tuberculosis and pneumonia
D. common cold and tuberculosis
C. tuberculosis and pneumonia