chapter 2.1 MEP :Professionalism

Question 1

professionalism

Answer 1

a set of values , behaviours and relationships that underpin the trust the public has in pharmacists

Question 2

professional judgement

Answer 2

the use of accumulated knowledge and experience , as well as critical reasoning to make an informed professional decision . it takes into law, ethical considerations , relevant standards and all relevant factors

Question 3

professional empowerment

Answer 3

enabling professionalism and professional judgement . this creates an environment around an individual which enables all of the above.

Question 4

standards and guidance

Answer 4

provides a framework which helps ensure good care, focused on patients. to have informed care and good decision making you should :
consider what is best for the patient
be guided by your education , training and cpd

Question 5

conflicts of interest are usually declared to

Answer 5

employer
someone commissioning your services
a chairperson at a meeting you attend

Question 6

interface between personal and professional lives : before providing advice to a family member you should consider

Answer 6

is it emergency
could they be sent to a more appropriate practitioner
can you remain objective
is confidentiality an issue
are you aware of current care
do you have all necessary info
can you demonstrate transparency
do you have access to all care records
what is in the best interest of the patient

Question 7

professional indemnity

Answer 7

it is required for every pharmacist to have professional indemnity insurance

Question 8

revalidation helps pharmacy professionals to :

Answer 8

keep their professional skills and knowledge up to date
reflect on how to improve
demonstrate to the public and to patients how they provide safe and effective care

Question 9

for revalidation pharmacists must keep on record :

Answer 9

4 CPD cycles
peer discussion
reflective account

Question 10

an independent prescriber

Answer 10

a practitioner who is responsible and accountable for the assessment of patients with undiagnosed or diagnosed conditions and can make prescribing decisions to manage the clinical condition of the patient

Question 11

a supplementary prescriber

Answer 11

a practitioner who prescribes within an agreed patient specific written clinical management plan agreed in partnership with a doctor

Question 12

mentoring

Answer 12

a mutually beneficial professional relationship.

Question 13

punitive culture

Answer 13

assigning blame and punishment . it contributes to creating a culture of fear

Question 14

culture principles for patient safety incidents

Answer 14

patient safety is paramount
deliberate harm and unacceptable risk impacting on patient safety must not be tolerated
patient safety is maintained by healthcare professionals being candid and raising concerns and learning from incidents to improve systems , standards , policies , legislation and people

Question 15

how to report adverse events

Answer 15

the yellow card scheme

Question 16

how to handle dispensing errors

Answer 16

Take steps to let the patient know promptly

2 Make things right (this may involve contacting the prescriber)

3 Offer an apology

4 Let colleagues involved in the error know.

Question 17

When making a risk assessment factors to consider include:

Answer 17

Hazards – this could be a substance or a process that could cause harm such as handling cytotoxic medicines; mixing up medicines packed in similar looking packages or with similar names; temperature control of medicines, storage areas, etc.

The risk. This is how likely harm is to take place. Is it very likely indeed (e.g. mixing up two similarly-packaged medicines with similar names placed side-by-side on the shelf) or not likely (e.g. harm coming to staff when handling blister-packed cytotoxic medicines)?

The degree of harm likely. Is the harm likely to be only minor, or severe? Is it short-lasting or permanent?
Who may be harmed – e.g. employees / self-employed, service users, patients, customers, visitors, etc

Any preventative measures to reduce or eliminate the risk – e.g. colour coding systems; protective equipment. It is important to remember that you do not always need to eliminate a risk, just reduce it to a reasonable level. Sometimes trying to eliminate risk entirely does more harm than good, as it might prevent you doing an important task.

Record the outcome – e.g. in standard operating procedures

Question 18

key components of pharmaceutical care

Answer 18

the patient assessment to identify unmet pharmaceutical care needs and issues
the development of a pharmaceutical care plan to document the needs identified
to agree patient outcomes , the actions required or taken and the follow up required

Question 19

medication optimisation

Answer 19

looks at how people use medications and acknowledge that the way people use medicines over time may changed

Question 20

4 principles of patient optimisation

Answer 20

aim to understand the patients experience
evidence based choice of medications
ensure meds used are as safe as possible
make medicines optimisation part of routine practice

Question 21

medicines reconciliation

Answer 21

identifying an accurate list of a patients current medicines
key points :
are the sources you are using up to date
cross check adherence
non-daily medications
self selected medicines

Question 22

medication review definition

Answer 22

a criteria exam of a persons medications with the objective of reaching an agreement with the person about treatment , optimising the impact of medications , minimising the number of medication related problems and reducing waste

Question 23

poly pharmacy

Answer 23

term used to describe the situation when people are taking a number of medications