Chapter 21 Key Terms

Question 0

Mehmed II

Answer 0

captured Constantinople, 1453, and destroyed the Byzantine Empire.

Question 1

Ottomans

Answer 1

Turkic-speaking people

Question 2

Janissaries

Answer 2

Conscripted youths, became an important political influence after the 15th century.

Question 3

Vizier

Answer 3

head of the Ottoman bureaucracy

Question 4

Suleymaniye mosque

Answer 4

great mosque built in Constantinople during

16th-century

Question 5

Safavid dynasty

Answer 5

founded by a Turkic nomad family; established a kingdom in Iran and ruled until 1722.

Question 6

Sail al-Din

Answer 6

Sufi mystic; leader of the Read Heads.

Question 7

Ismâ’il

Answer 7

Safavid leader; conquered the city of Tabriz was proclaimed shah.

Question 8

Chaldiran

Answer 8

Ottoman victory demonstrated the importance of firearms

Question 9

Abbas I, the Great

Answer 9

extended the empire to its greatest extent; used Western military technology.

Question 10

Imams

Answer 10

Shi’a religious leaders descent to Ali’s successors.

Question 11

Mullahs

Answer 11

religious leaders under the Safavids; worked to convert all subjects to Shi’ism.

Question 12

Isfahan

Answer 12

Safavid capital under Abbas The Great I

Question 13

Nadir Khan Afshar

Answer 13

emerged following fall of Safavids

Question 14

Mughal dynasty

Answer 14

established by Turkic invaders in 1526; endured until the mid-19th century.

Question 15

Babur

Answer 15

Turkic leader founded the Mughal dynasty

Question 16

Humayn

Answer 16

son and successor of Babur; expelled from India returned restore the dynasty

Question 17

Akbar

Answer 17

son and successor of Humayn; built up the military and administrative structure of the dynasty.

Question 18

Din-i-Ilahi

Answer 18

blended elements of Islam and Hinduism

Question 19

Sati

Answer 19

ritual burning of high-caste Hindu women

Question 20

Taj Mahal

Answer 20

most famous architectural achievement of Mughal India.

Question 21

Nur Jahan

Answer 21

created a faction ruling the empire during the later years of husbands reign

Question 22

Aurangzeb

Answer 22

reversed to purify Islam of Hindu influences.

Question 23

Marattas

Answer 23

people of western India

Question 24

Sikhs

Answer 24

Indian sect, beginning as a synthesis of Hindu and Muslim faiths; pushed to opposition to Muslim and Mughul rule.