Chapter 21 - Human Sexuality Flashcards
described personality development and functioning as they are affected by sexuality
psychosexual
the force by which the sexual instinct is represented in the mind
libido
sexuality depends on 4 interrelated psychosexual factors - KNOW sexual identity gender identity sexual orientation sexual behavior
KNOW THESE
these factors affect growth, personality, and development and functioning
Physical sex < Sexuality < Pleasure-seeking behavior
the pattern of a person’s biological sex characteristics:
- chromosomes
- external genitalia
- internal genitalia
- hormonal composition
- gonads
- 2 sex characteristics
this pattern is a clear indicator of sex
sexual identity
I am a female or I am a male
results from an almost infinite series of cues derived from experiences with family members, teachers, friends and coworkers and from cultural phenomena
gender identity
a person says or does to disclose himself/herself as having the status of boy or man, girl or woman
established by society
not established at birth, its a progression
major factor in achieving the role - learning
gender role
persons gender roles can seem to be opposed to their gender identities
describes the object of a person’s sexual impulses: heterosexual, homosexual, bisexual
sexual orientation
Cortex: involved both in controlling sexual impulses and in processing sexual stimuli that may lead to sexual activity.
Limbic System: directly involved with elements of sexual functioning
Brainstem: exerts inhibitory and excitatory control over spinal sexual reflexes
Brain Neurotransmitters: Many neurotransmitters, including dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine, and serotonin, are produced in the brain and affect sexual function
DOPAMINE – INCREASES SEXUAL DESIRE
SEROTONIN – DECREASES SEXUAL DESIRE
Spinal Cord: sexual arousal and climax are ultimately organized at the spinal level
CNS Responses to sexual behavior
KNOW
4 phases of response cycle
desire
excitement
orgasm
resolution
reflects the psychiatric concern with motivations, drives, and personality
the phase is characterized by sexual fantasies and the desire to have sexual activity
desire
excitement and arousal phase, brought on by psychological stimulation or physiological stimulation or a combination of the 2, consists of a subjective sense of pleasure
excitement
consists of a peaking of sexual pleasure, with the release of sexual tension and the rhythmic contraction of the perineal muscles and the pelvic reproductive organs
orgasm
consists of the disgorgement of blood from the genitalia, which brings the body back to its resting stage
resolution
males have a refractory period
females doen’t have a refractory period
describes a persons overt behavior, sexual orientation, and sense of personal or social identity
homosexuality
a negative attitude toward, or fear of, homosexuality or homosexuals
homophobia
the belief that a heterosexual relationship is preferable to all others
heterosexism
PLISSIT to address sexual concerns
P= Permission LI = Limited info SS = Specific Suggestions IT = Intensive Therapy
MC reason for divorce in the first 4 years of marriage
sexual dysfunction
a disturbance in sexual desire and in psychophysical changes that characterize the sexual response cycle; or pain with sexual intercourse
can be lifelong or acquired
sexual dysfunction
persistently deficient (or absent) sexual fantasies and desire for sexual activity
hypoactive sexual desire disorder
to an extreme degree, the patient dislikes and avoids nearly all genital contact with a sex partner
sexual aversion disorder
chronically or recurrently, the patient cannot lubricate enough to complete the sexual activity
female sexual arousal disorder
chronically or repeatedly, the patient cannot get or keep an erection sufficient to complete the sexual activity
male erectile disorder
sustained erection for greater than 4 hours
priapism
after a normal phase of sexual excitement, the woman’s orgasm is persistently or repeatedly delayed or absent
female orgasmic disorder
after a normal phase of sexual excitement, the man’ orgasm is persistently or repeatedly delayed or absent
male orgasmic disorder
with minimal sexual stimulation, the patient often ejaculates earlier than he wants to
premature ejaculation
persistent genital pain before or during intercourse; think organic first
dyspareunia
an involuntary muscle constriction of the outer third of the vagina that interferes with penile insertion and intercourse
panic attack of the vagina
vaginismus
80% of ED is caused by ___
physical causes
beyond normal
recurrent and intense fantasies, behaviors, or sexual urges focusing on unusual objects, activities or situations
clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational or other important areas of functioning
paraphilias
over a period of at least 6 months, recurrent, intense sexually arousing fantasies, sexual urges, or behaviors involving the exposure of one’s genitals to an unsuspecting stranger
person has acted on these sexual urges or the sexual urges or fantasies causes marked distress or interpersonal difficulty
exhibitionism
over a period of at least 6 months, recurrent, intense sexually arousing fantasies, sexual urges, or behaviors involving the use of nonliving objects
fetishism
over a period of at least 6 months, recurrent, intense sexually arousing fantasies, sexual urges, or behaviors involving touching and rubbing against a non-consenting person
frotteurism
over a period of at least 6 months, recurrent, intense sexually arousing fantasies, sexual urges, or behaviors involving the sexual activity with a prepubescent child or children
pedophilia
over a period of at least 6 months, recurrent, intense sexually arousing fantasies, sexual urges, or behaviors involving the act (real or not simulated) of being humiliated, beaten, bound, or otherwise made to suffer
masochism
over a period of at least 6 months, recurrent, intense sexually arousing fantasies, sexual urges, or behaviors involving acts (real/not simulated) in which the psychological or physical suffering of the victim is sexually exciting to the person
sexual sadism
over a period of at least 6 months, recurrent, intense sexually arousing fantasies, sexual urges, or behaviors involving the act of observing an unsuspecting person who is naked, in the process of disrobing, or engaging in sexual activity
voyeurism
over a period of at least 6 months, in a heterosexual man, recurrent, intense sexually arousing fantasies, sexual urges, or behaviors involving cross-dressing
transvestic fetishism
cybersex, sexting, obscene phone calls on an unsuspecting person, etc.
the action itself may cause one to have an orgasm
persons use interactive computer networking to send sexually explicit messages and videos
scatologia
obsession with obtaining sexual gratification from cadavers
necrophilia
animals trained to participate
zoophilia
sexual activity concentrated on one part of the body to exclusion of others
partialism
oral contact with penis
fellatio
oral contact with a womans external genital
cunnilingus
sexual pleasure assocaited with desire to defecate on partner
coprophilia
use of enemas as a part of sexual stimulation, related to anal fixation
klismaphilia
a form of urethral eroticism
a desire to urinate on partner or be urinated on
urophilia
abnormal (adult) only when it is the only type activity preferred to the exclusion of sex with a partner
masturbation
a desire to achieve an altered state of consciousness secondary to hypoxia while experiencing orgasm
hypoxyphilia
this occurs during the resolution phase of sexual activity
they become depressed, tense, anxious, irritable and even man - instead of the normal relaxed feeling and sense of well being that normally follows intercourse
postcoital dysphoria
married couple who have never had coitus and are typically uninformed and inhibited about sexuality.
guilt, shame, inadequacy - can keep from doctors office
unconsummated marriage
these men desire many sex partners
don juanism
womans excessive or pathologic desire for coitus (intense fear of losing love)
this disorder is a form of sex addiction
nymphomania
