Chapter 2.1 Atomic Theory of Matter

Question 1

Dalton’s Theory

Answer 1

Each element is composed of extremely small particles called atoms.

2. All atoms of a given element are identical , but atoms of one element are different from the atoms of other elements
3. Atoms are neither created or destroyed in chemical reactions
   . Atoms of one element cannot be changed into atoms of a different element by chemical reactions
4. Compounds are formed when atoms of more than one element combine
   . A given compound always has the same relative number and kind of atom

Question 2

The Law of Constant Composition ( based on 4)

Answer 2

In a given compound the relative numbers and kinds of atoms are constant

Question 3

The Law of Conservation of Mass ( based on 3)

Answer 3

The total mass of materials present after a chemical reaction is the same as the total mass present before the reaction

Question 4

Law of multiple proportions

Answer 4

in a fixed composition of a compound A combined with B. the amount required to form that compound and a similar one has a ratio that equals a small whole number

Question 5

particles with the same charge

Answer 5

repel one another