Chapter 1.4 Units of Measurement Flashcards
Quantitative
Refers to the many properties of matter associated with numbers
SI
Are the preferred units of the metric system
Prefixes of the metric system in order of largest to smallest
From large to small ( multiply by 10) From small to large ( divide by 10) Giga 10^ 9 Mega. 10 ^6 Kilo. 10^3 Deca 10^2 Base Deci. 10^-1. .1 Centi. 10^-2. .01 Milli. 10^-3. .001 Micro. 10^-6 nano 10^ -9
( GIGA/nano) multiple of 9
( Mega/ Micro) multiple of 6
The 7 base units are ( from which other units are derived
- Mass Kilogram kg
- Length. Meter m
- Time. Second. s or sec
- Temp. Kelvin. K
- Amt of sub. Mole. mol
- Electric curr. Ampere. A or amp
- Luminous intensity /Candela / Cd
UNIT
Is what specifies a measurement/quantity
WEIGHT
is the force that is exerted on an object’s mass by gravity
TEMPERATURE
Is the measure of the hotness or coldness of an object.
. It is a physical property that determines the direction of heat flow.
. A measure of the kinetic energy of the particles in a sample
How does heat flow
It flows spontaneously from a substance from higher temperature to lower temperature.
The 2 scales used to measure temperature are
- Kelvin
2. Celsius
Freezing and boiling points on a Celsius scale
Freezing 0 degrees C = 273.15 Kelvins
Boiling 100 degrees C
Freezing and boiling points on a kelvin scale
0 degrees K = -273.15 deg. C = ABSOLUTE ZERO
Boiling: 373.15
Kelvin scale is based on the properties of gases
KELVIN TO CELSIUS
C= K -273.15
Conversion Celsius to Kelvin
K = C+ 273.15
ABSOLUTE ZERO
0 degrees K = -273.15 deg. C
Freezing and boiling points on a fahrenheit scale
Freezing : 32 F
Boils : 212 F
Fahrenheit to Celsius
C= 5/9( F-32)
Celsius to Fahrenheit
F= 9/5 (C)+ 32
DERIVED UNITS
SI base units are use to get DERIVED UNITS
To do so we use the defining equation for the quantity, substituting the appropriate base units
the defining equation for SPEED
ratio: distance traveled / elapsed time = m/s ( meters per second) = a derived unit
2 egs of a derived unit
volume=L ( not a based unit/not a SI unit)
Density=
VOLUME OF A CUBE
l x l x l = length^3 = m^3 ( a derived unit formed from the base unit for length -> meter)
Volume units
m3
cc/ cm3
L= decimeter cubed dm3
1cm3=1ml
Mass
Is a measure of the amount of material in an object
What units is density expressed
g/cm3 or g/ml
DENSITY
the amount of mass in a unit volume of substance ( which is temperature dependent- volume changes when a substance is heated or cooled)
MASS/ VOLUME
EXPRESSED IN GRAMS =g/ml
It is a intensive physical property
For a liquid it is g/ ml
For a solid it is g/ cm3
1ml=
1cm3
HYPOTHESIS
TENTATIVE explanation
The density of water is
1.00g/ml
SCIENTIFIC LAW
A concise verbal statement or mathematical equation that summarizes a broad variety of observations and experiences.
they are considered to be the basic rules under which nature operates
THEORY
if a hypothesis is sufficiently general and repeatedly effective in predicting results of future experiments, it is called a theory.
- It is an explanation of the general causes of certain phenomena with considerable evidence or facts to support it.
threes can never be proven only supported
WEIGHT
is the force that is exerted on an object’s mass by gravity
UNIT
Is what specifies a measurement/quantity
How does heat flow
It flows spontaneously from a substance from higher temperature to lower temperature.
TEMPERATURE
Is the measure of the hotness or coldness of an object.
. It is a physical property that determines the direction of heat flow.
Freezing and boiling points on a Celsius scale
Freezing 0 degrees C = 273.15 Kelvins
Boiling 100 degrees C
The 2 scales used to measure temperature are
- Kelvin
2. Celsius
KELVIN TO CELSIUS
C= K -273.15
Freezing and boiling points on a kelvin scale
0 degrees K = -273.15 deg. C = ABSOLUTE ZERO
ABSOLUTE ZERO
0 degrees K = -273.15 deg. C
Conversion Celsius to Kelvin
K = C+ 273.15
Fahrenheit to Celsius
C= 5/9( F-32)
Freezing and boiling points on a fahrenheit scale
Freezing : 32 F
Boils : 212 F
DERIVED UNITS
SI base units are use to get DERIVED UNITS
To do so we use the defining equation for the quantity, substituting the appropriate base units
Celsius to Fahrenheit
F= 9/5 (C)+ 32
2 egs of a derived unit
volume=L ( not a based unit/not a SI unit)
Density=
the defining equation for SPEED
ratio: distance traveled / elapsed time = m/s ( meters per second) = a derived unit
Volume units
m3
cc/ cm3
L= decimeter cubed dm3
1cm3=1ml
VOLUME OF A CUBE
l x l x l = length^3 = m^3 ( a derived unit formed from the base unit for length -> meter)
What units is density expressed
g/cm3 or g/ml
DENSITY
the amount of mass in a unit volume of substance ( which is temperature dependent- volume changes when a substance is heated or cooled)
MASS/ VOLUME
EXPRESSED IN GRAMS =g
1ml=
1cm3
The density of water is
1.00g/ml
THEORY
if a hypothesis is sufficiently general and repeatedly effective in predicting results of future experiments, it is called a theory.
- It is an explanation of the general causes of certain phenomena with considerable evidence or facts to support it.
threes can never be proven only supported
HYPOTHESIS
TENTATIVE explanation
A liter is
A cube 1 decimeter long on each side
1 L = dm3
SCIENTIFIC LAW
A concise verbal statement or mathematical equation that summarizes a broad variety of observations and experiences.
they are considered to be the basic rules under which nature operates
A Mililiter
Is a cube 1 cm long on each side
