Chapter 21

Question 1

Down syndrome caused by what?

Answer 1

Chromosomal disorders

Question 2

Where is Genetic information stored?

Answer 2

Chromosomes

Question 3

Define Genotype

Answer 3

Actual genetic information carried by the individual

all cells except the gamets of an individual have the same genotype

Question 4

Define Phenotype

Answer 4

express of genes

-Appearance of the individuals characteristics

Question 5

Define Chromosomal Anomalies

Answer 5

Usually caused by an error during meiosis

Question 6

What is phenylaline?

Answer 6

A protein obtained from the food we eat

Question 7

define Phenylaline hydroxylase

Answer 7

breaks down phenylaline and then creates tyrosine

Question 8

Define Autosomal Recessive Disorders

Answer 8

Bother parents must pass on the allele for disorder
-male and female children are affected equally
-

Question 9

Autosomal Dominant Disorders

Answer 9

Inheritance of one allele causes disorder; only one parent needs to carry allele

Question 10

Define Single Gene Disorders

Answer 10

Autosomal recessive disorders

• xlinked dominant disorders
• x linked recessive disorders

Question 11

Charateristics of Down syndrome

Answer 11

• Trisomy 21
• common chromosomal disorder
• risk increases with maternal age

Question 12

What does the placenta secrete if the female is pregnant?

Answer 12

HCG- human chrionic gonadotropin

Question 13

Define Multifactorial Disorders

Answer 13

-Genetic influences combined with environmental disorders