Chapter 13

Question 1

Pharaynx

Answer 1

An organ that assists the digestive system and respiratory system.

Question 2

Surfactant

Answer 2

reduces surface tension and maintain inflation.

Question 3

Tidal Volume

Answer 3

Amount of air exchanged during inspiration and expiration.

Question 4

Residual volume

Answer 4

Volume of air the remains in the lungs after maximum respiration.

Question 5

Medulla Oblongatta

Answer 5

Respiratory center of the brain

Question 6

Hypercapnia

Answer 6

carbon dioxide levels in the blood increase.

Question 7

Hypoemia

Answer 7

Low oxygen in the blood.

Question 8

Hypocapnia

Answer 8

Low carbon dioxide concentration in the blood.

Question 9

Gas Exchange

Answer 9

Flow of gases between the alveolar air and blood.

Question 10

How much oxygen dissolved in plasma?

Answer 10

about 1%

Question 11

How does oxygen travel throughout the body?

Answer 11

hemoglobin

Question 12

A reflex response to irritation in upper respiratory tract

Answer 12

Sneezing

Question 13

Coughing?

Answer 13

• irritation caused by nasal discharge

- inflammation or foreign material in lower respiratory tract.

Question 14

Sputum

Answer 14

• Yellowish-green, cloudy, thick mucus.
• Rusty or dark colored sputum
• thick, tenacious mucus (a sign of tumor or TB)

Question 15

What is Hemopysis?

Answer 15

blood in the sputum

Question 16

Breathing sounds: rales

Answer 16

light bubbly or crackling sounds

Question 17

Breathing sounds: Ronchi

Answer 17

deeper or harsher sounds from thicker mucus

Question 18

Breathing sounds: Absense

Answer 18

Collapsed lungs

Question 19

Common Cold (infectious rhinitis)

Answer 19

viral infection

Question 20

Bronchiolitis

Answer 20

Caused by respiratory syncytial virus

Question 21

The role of the Medulla Oblongata

Answer 21

Helps regulate breathing, heart and blood vessel function.

Question 22

What is Severe Acute respiratory syndrome?

Answer 22

• acute respiratory infection

- Causative microbe

Question 23

Primary infection of Tuberculosis

Answer 23

When organism first enters the lungs.

Question 24

Secondary or re-infection with TB

Answer 24

occurs when clients cell-mediated immunity is impaired.

Question 25

Histoplasmosis

Answer 25

Fungal Infection

Question 26

Cystic Fibrosis S/S:

Answer 26

- Meconium ileus may occur at birth. - salty skin - signs of malabsorption - Chronic cough and frequent respiratory infections. - failure to meet normal growth milestones.

Question 27

What is the pathology of Lung Cancer?

Answer 27

-Bronchogenic carcinoma

Question 28

What is Ateleactasis?

Answer 28

Shrinkage of the lungs

Question 29

What is Hemoptysis?

Answer 29

Spitting of blood

Question 30

Define Aspiration

Answer 30

Passage of food, fluid, emesis, other foreign material into trachea and lungs.

Question 31

What is Status Asthamaticus?

Answer 31

- Acute episode of asthma | - Persistent severe attack of asthma.

Question 32

Cromolyn

Answer 32

hypertension of the pulmonary valve

Question 33

What is Emphysema?

Answer 33

Destruction of alveolar walls and septae. | -Caused by COPD

Question 34

What is Chronic Bronchitis?

Answer 34

-Inflammation,obstruction, repeated infection, chronic coughing twice for 3 months or longer in 2 years.

Question 35

What is Bronchiectasis?

Answer 35

- Irreversible abnormal dilation of medium sized bronchi. | - usually a secondary condition.

Question 36

What is Pneumoconioses?

Answer 36

-A chronic restrictive diseases resulting from long term exposure to irritating particles.

Question 37

What is Pulmonary Edema?

Answer 37

Fluid collecting in alveoli and interstial area.

Question 38

What is pulmonary Embolus?

Answer 38

-Blood clot or mass that obstructs pulmonary artery or any of its branches.

Question 39

What is Pleural Effusion?

Answer 39

-Presence of excessive fluid in the pleural cavity.

Question 40

What is Pneumothorax?

Answer 40

-Air in pleural cavity

Question 41

What is open pneomothorax?

Answer 41

-Atmospheric air enters the pleural cavity though an opening in the chest wall.

Question 42

What is Flail Chest?

Answer 42

Results from fractures of ribs, which allow ribs to move independently during respiration.