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FInal > Chapter 13 > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Flashcards

1
Q

Pharaynx

A

An organ that assists the digestive system and respiratory system.

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2
Q

Surfactant

A

reduces surface tension and maintain inflation.

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3
Q

Tidal Volume

A

Amount of air exchanged during inspiration and expiration.

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4
Q

Residual volume

A

Volume of air the remains in the lungs after maximum respiration.

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5
Q

Medulla Oblongatta

A

Respiratory center of the brain

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6
Q

Hypercapnia

A

carbon dioxide levels in the blood increase.

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7
Q

Hypoemia

A

Low oxygen in the blood.

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8
Q

Hypocapnia

A

Low carbon dioxide concentration in the blood.

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9
Q

Gas Exchange

A

Flow of gases between the alveolar air and blood.

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10
Q

How much oxygen dissolved in plasma?

A

about 1%

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11
Q

How does oxygen travel throughout the body?

A

hemoglobin

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12
Q

A reflex response to irritation in upper respiratory tract

A

Sneezing

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13
Q

Coughing?

A
  • irritation caused by nasal discharge

- inflammation or foreign material in lower respiratory tract.

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14
Q

Sputum

A
  • Yellowish-green, cloudy, thick mucus.
  • Rusty or dark colored sputum
  • thick, tenacious mucus (a sign of tumor or TB)
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15
Q

What is Hemopysis?

A

blood in the sputum

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16
Q

Breathing sounds: rales

A

light bubbly or crackling sounds

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17
Q

Breathing sounds: Ronchi

A

deeper or harsher sounds from thicker mucus

18
Q

Breathing sounds: Absense

A

Collapsed lungs

19
Q

Common Cold (infectious rhinitis)

A

viral infection

20
Q

Bronchiolitis

A

Caused by respiratory syncytial virus

21
Q

The role of the Medulla Oblongata

A

Helps regulate breathing, heart and blood vessel function.

22
Q

What is Severe Acute respiratory syndrome?

A
  • acute respiratory infection

- Causative microbe

23
Q

Primary infection of Tuberculosis

A

When organism first enters the lungs.

24
Q

Secondary or re-infection with TB

A

occurs when clients cell-mediated immunity is impaired.

25
Q

Histoplasmosis

A

Fungal Infection

26
Q

Cystic Fibrosis S/S:

A
  • Meconium ileus may occur at birth.
  • salty skin
  • signs of malabsorption
  • Chronic cough and frequent respiratory infections.
  • failure to meet normal growth milestones.
27
Q

What is the pathology of Lung Cancer?

A

-Bronchogenic carcinoma

28
Q

What is Ateleactasis?

A

Shrinkage of the lungs

29
Q

What is Hemoptysis?

A

Spitting of blood

30
Q

Define Aspiration

A

Passage of food, fluid, emesis, other foreign material into trachea and lungs.

31
Q

What is Status Asthamaticus?

A
  • Acute episode of asthma

- Persistent severe attack of asthma.

32
Q

Cromolyn

A

hypertension of the pulmonary valve

33
Q

What is Emphysema?

A

Destruction of alveolar walls and septae.

-Caused by COPD

34
Q

What is Chronic Bronchitis?

A

-Inflammation,obstruction, repeated infection, chronic coughing twice for 3 months or longer in 2 years.

35
Q

What is Bronchiectasis?

A
  • Irreversible abnormal dilation of medium sized bronchi.

- usually a secondary condition.

36
Q

What is Pneumoconioses?

A

-A chronic restrictive diseases resulting from long term exposure to irritating particles.

37
Q

What is Pulmonary Edema?

A

Fluid collecting in alveoli and interstial area.

38
Q

What is pulmonary Embolus?

A

-Blood clot or mass that obstructs pulmonary artery or any of its branches.

39
Q

What is Pleural Effusion?

A

-Presence of excessive fluid in the pleural cavity.

40
Q

What is Pneumothorax?

A

-Air in pleural cavity

41
Q

What is open pneomothorax?

A

-Atmospheric air enters the pleural cavity though an opening in the chest wall.

42
Q

What is Flail Chest?

A

Results from fractures of ribs, which allow ribs to move independently during respiration.

FInal (10 decks)

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