Chapter 21 Flashcards
What are four defining features of animals?
- eukaryotic
- multicelluar
- heterotrophic
- internal digestion/absorption
What are the three germ, and
what do they become?
ectoderm: skin/nervous system
enoderm: gut
mesoderm: everything else
What are direct and indirect development?
- when young look exactly like the adult
-when young do not look like the adult
Approximately how long ago did the first animals appear?
570 million years ago
What are radial and bilateral symmetry?
- theres a center point and can be divided into equal pieces
-mirror image left and right with a head and tail
What are the oral (top) and aboral (bottom) surfaces?
- mouth side
-non mouth side
What are
the anterior and posterior ends?
- head side
- side away from head
What are the dorsal and ventral surfaces?
-top (back)
-bottom (belly)
What is a coelom?
body cavity that has nothing to do with gut
What are acoelomate, pseudocoelomate, and (eu)coelomate animals?
- no coelom
-false coelom
-true coelom
What are protostomes and deuterostomes?
- first opening of gut is mouth (entrance)
-first opening of the gut is the anus (exits)
sponges
- lots of pores
-sessile - asymmetry
Cnidarians
- 2 tissues
- radial symmetry
-incomplete gut
flatworm
-bilateral
-3 tissues
-cephaliztion
molluscs
-muscular foot
-mantle
visceral mass
annelids
- 3 tissues
-eucoelomate - complete gut
nematodes
-pseudocoelomate
- tube within a tube design
-cuticle
arthopods
-exoskeleton
-chitin
-jointed appendages
Echinoderms
-spiny skin
-deuterostromes
-pentamorous structure
chordates
-notochord
-dorsal hollow nerve chord
pharyngeal slits
What are the three groups of chordates?
tunicates, lancelets, and vertebrates.
tunicates
-sponge like
-forms colonies
lancelets
-small
-filter feeders
vertebrates?
-vertebral colume
-post anal tail
