Chapter 21 Flashcards
Representative group
Individuals within populations which are selected to monitor trends or frequencies for the entire population
Allele Frequency
the relative frequency of a gene variant (allele) in a population. Ex: 1/4 alleles out of two people are dominant
Hardy Weinberg Principle Assumptions
(For a stable population)
- No Selective mating
- No mutation
- Large Populations
- No migration
- Equal Vitality (no natural selection)
Hardy-Weinberg Equation
p^2 + 2pq + q^2
Changes in Gene Pools
- Mutation
- Migration (Gene Flow)
- Selective Mating
- Small Populations (Genetic drift, Founder or bottleneck effect)
- Natural Selection
Changes in Gene Pools
- Mutation
- Migration (Gene Flow)
- Selective Mating
- Small Populations (Genetic drift, Founder or bottleneck effect)
- Natural Selection
Speciation
Speciation is the evolutionary process by which populations evolve to become distinct species
Reasons for Speciation
- Geographic isolation
- Reproductive isolation
Polyploidy
Polyploidy is the heritable condition of possessing more than two complete sets of chromosomes
Polyploidy
Polyploidy is the heritable condition of possessing more than two complete sets of chromosomes
Polyploidy
Polyploidy is the heritable condition of possessing more than two complete sets of chromosomes
Interspecific Competition vs Intraspecific competition
Intraspecific competition is when members of the same species compete for resources, while interspecific competition is when members of different species compete for resources
Pop. Density formula
D = N/A or N/V
N/V is for aquatic
Types of Population distribution
- Clumped Dispersion
- Random Dispersion
- Uniform Dispersion
Per Capita Growth Rate
Cgr = P.end - P.start/ N or P.start
Per capita growth rate is a measurement of the average growth rate per individual. It can be used to describe the growth of a population
