Chapter 21

Question 1

extinction

Answer 1

occurs when reinforcement of a previously reinforced behavior is discontinued, as a result, the frequency of the behavior is reduced in the future

Question 2

escape extinction

Answer 2

behaviors maintained by neg. reinforcement are placed on extinction when those behaviors do not produce a removal of the aversive stimulus

Question 3

sensory extinction

Answer 3

behaviors maintained by automatic reinforcement are placed on extinction by masking or removing the sensory consequence

Question 4

extinction burst

Answer 4

an immediate increase in the frequency of the responses after the removal of the positive, negative, or automatic reinforcement

Question 5

spontaneous recovery

Answer 5

reappearance of a behavior after it has been diminished to its pre-reinforcement level or stopped entirely.

Question 6

resistance to extinction

Answer 6

continued responding during the extinction process

Question 7

variables affecting resistance to extinction

Answer 7

• continuous and intermittent reinforcement
• establishing operation
• number, magnitude and quality of reinforcement
• number of previous extinction trails
• response effort