Chapter 1 Flashcards
Determinism
universe is a lawful and orderly place in which all phenomena occur as a result of other events
Functional Relation
a verbal statement summarizing the results of an experiment, that describes the occurrence of the phenomena under study as a function of the operation of specific and controlled variables in which a specific change can be produced by manipulating another event.
empiricism
the practice of objective observation of the phenomena of interest
Experiment
carefully conducted comparison of some of the phenomenon of the DV and IV
experimental analysis of behavior
Skinner recorded the rate at which a single subject emitted a given behavior in a controlled and standardized experimental chamber.
Explanatory fiction
a fictitious variable that often is simply another name for the observed behavior that contributes nothing to an understanding of variables that develop or maintain behavior.
Behaviorism
The philosophy of the science of behavior. various forms-methodological and radical
Hypothetical construct
a presumed but unobserved process or entity (e.g. Frued’s ego, id, and super ego
Mentalism
an approach to the study of behavior which assumes that a mental or “inner” dimension exist that differs from a behavioral dimension.
Methodological behaviorism
these early behaviorist either denied the existence of “inner variables” or considered them outside the realm of scientific account
parsomony
all simple, logical explanations be ruled out experimentally or conceptually before more complex explanations be considered.
Philosophic Doubt
requires that scientists continually question the truthfulness of what is required as fact
Radical behaviorism
includes and seeks to understand all human behavior, including private events
replication
repeating of experiments
science
the pursuit of knowledge that is carried but according to general methodological precepts and expectations.
