Chapter 21 Flashcards
Clients who have their hair colored usually visit the salon every ________ weeks ?
Three to twelve
_________ is a professional, industry-coined term referring to artificial hair coloring products and services.
Haircolor
The ________ of the clients hair and the desired results determine which hair color to use.
Structure
The cortex, or middle layer of each hair, gives the hair the majority of its strength and elasticity, and contributes about ________ percent to the overall strength of the hair.
80
The natural coloring pigment found in the cortex layer of the hair is _________.
Melanin
Hair texture is determined by the diameter of individual hair _________.
Strands
Fine hair takes color faster and can look darker because the melanin granules are grouped ________.
More tightly
The hair type with a large diameter that can take longer to process hair color is ________.
Coarse-textured hair
The ability of the hair to absorb moisture is known as _______.
Porosity
When the cuticle is tight and the hair is resistant, it is difficult for moisture or chemicals to penetrate. What term describes this condition?
Low porosity
When the cuticle is slightly raised and the hair is normal and processes in an average amount of time, the hair would be said to have ________.
Average porosity
When the cuticle is lifted and the hair is overly porous and takes color quickly, the hair would be said to have ______.
High porosity
To test for porosity, take several strands from four different areas of the head: the front hairline, the temple, the crown, and the _________.
Nape
What type of melanin gives black and brown color to the hair?
Eumelanin
What type of melanin gives blond and red colors to the hair?
Pheomelanin
Contributing pigment, also known as ________ , is the varying degrees of warmth exposed during a permanent color or lightening process.
Undertone
What unit of measurement identifies the lightness or darkness of a color, or the saturation, density, or concentration of color?
Level
The system used by colorist to analyze the lightness or darkness of a hair color is ________.
The level system
The darkest hair colors in the level system are identified as being a level _______, while the lightest hair colors in the level system are______.
1;10
What is one of the most valuable tools for identifying the natural level in the hair?
Color wheel
_______ is described as a property of objects that depends on the light they reflect and is perceived (by the human eye) as red, yellow, blue, or other shades.
Color
The system used for understanding color relationships is the ________.
Law of color
Fundamental or pure colors that cannot be achieved from a mixture are known as _______.
Primary colors
Colors with a predominance of blue are _________ colors, whereas colors with a predominance of red and/or yellow are _______ colors.
Cool;warm
The primary color that brings depth or darkness to any color is __________.
Blue
When all three primary colors are present in equal proportions, the resulting color is _______.
Black
A color obtained by mixing equal parts of two primary colors is a ________.
Secondary color
A color achieved by mixing equal parts of a secondary color and its neighboring primary color on the color wheel is a _______.
Tertiary color
Primary and secondary colors that are positioned opposite each on the color wheel are ______.
Complimentary colors
The hue or balance of color seen in the hair is referred to as _______.
Tone
Tones can be described as cool, warm, or ______.
Neutral
_________ tones reflect more light, therefore they look lighter than their actual level.
Warm
_______ tones absorb more light, therefore they look deeper than their actual level.
Cool
_______ refers to the strength of the color.
Intensity
What term describes the predominant tone of a color?
Base
Each color is identified by a number and a letter , with the number indicating the level and the letter indicating the ________.
Tone
Neutral base colors are often used to _____.
Cover gray hair
Non-oxidative hair color is classified as temporary and _________(traditional).
Semipermanent
Oxidative hair color is classified as Demi permanent (deposit only) and ________(lift and deposit).
Permanent
All hair coloring products require a patch test, with the exception of ______.
Temporary colors
As part of their composition, all permanent hair coloring products and lighteners contain both a developer and a(n) ______.
Alkalizing ingredient
Coloring products that have a coating action on the hair and are removed by shampooing are _______.
Temporary colors
Demi permanent colors are also known as _______.
No-lift, deposit-only colors
What coloring products are regarded as best for covering gray hair?
Permanent hair coloring
Dye precursors that combine with hydrogen peroxide to form larger, permanent dye molecules are called ______.
Aniline derivatives
Metallic hair colors are also known as _______.
Gradual colors
_______hair colors, also known as vegetable hair color, such as henna, are colors obtained from the leaves or bark of plants.
Natural
Hair coloring products that change color gradually by progressive buildup and exposure to air contain _________.
Metallic salts
________ is Most commonly used developer, and an oxidizing agent that, when mixed with an oxidation haircolor, supplies the necessary oxygen gas to develop the color molecules and create a change in natural hair color.
Hydrogen peroxide
The concentration and strength of hydrogen Prock side is measured in terms of________.
Volume
The standard volume of hydrogen peroxide used to achieve most results with permanent hair color is________.
20 volume
Chemical compounds that lighten hair by dispersing, dissolving, and Decolorizing the natural pigment are _________.
Hair lighteners
What is the process by which oxygen is released within the cortex of the hair shaft?
Oxidation
The process in which the hair is pre-lightened and then toned is known as ________.
Double process application
During the process of Decolorizing, natural hair can go through as many as _______.
10 stages
Decolorizing the hairs natural pigment allows the colorist to create the exact degree of_________.
Contributing pigment
What hair coloring product is used primarily on pre-lightened hair to achieve pale and delicate colors?
Toners
What is the most critical part of a color service?
Hair color consultation
Clients with hair in questionable condition who request chemical services should be required to sign a ______.
Release statement
When applying color using the brush and bowl method, the mixing bowl should be______.
Non-metallic
Before performing a coloring service with an Aniline derivative product, the client must have a(n) _____.
Patch test
The US federal food, drug and cosmetic act prescribes that a predisposition test be given ________.
24 to 48 hours prior to application
What process Lightens hair and deposit color all in one application?
Single process hair coloring
Examples of a single process permanent coloring applications are virgin color applications and ______.
Color retouch application
A ________ Application refers to the first time the hair is colored
Virgin
What is a non-ammonia color that adds shine in tone to the hair?
Glaze
You should never apply hair color to a client if the scalp has any obvious signs of _______.
Abrasions
Overlapping hair color on previously tinted hair can cause breakage and create a visible line of _______.
Demarcation
What is the first step of double process hair coloring?
Pre-lightning
Lighteners that have a thicker consistency and give more control during scalp application are known as ______.
Cream lighteners
Powdered persulfate salts added to haircolor to increase its lightning ability are _______.
Activators
Powdered off the scalp lighteners contain persulfate salts for ______ and stronger lightning.
Quicker
The part of the hair shaft between the scalp and the hair that has been previously colored is known as ______.
New growth
The coloring technique that involves coloring some strands of hair lighter than the natural color is known as _______.
Highlighting
The technique of coloring strands of hair darker than the natural color is ________.
Low lighting
In the weaving foil technique, selected strands are picked up from a narrow section of hair with a _______.
Zigzag motion
The technique using a free form painting of hair Lightner directly onto clean, styled hair is ______.
Balayage
The process of treating gray or very resistant hair to allow for a better penetration of color is known as ________.
Pre-softening
A patch test is generally conducted behind the ear or _____.
Inside the elbow
When applying color for a single process retouch application, the color should be applied to the new growth using ______.
1/4 - inch Partings
