Chapter 21-1 Flashcards
Male / Female Reproductive System
- What is the importance of the testes in the male reproductive system?
How do the male reproductive ducts and accessory glands function together with the testes?
Testes: responsible for creation of sperm (male gamete)
Answer the following statements below regarding male reproductive ducts:
The duct which transports sperm & semen out of the male reproductive tract
Urethra
Answer the following statements below regarding male reproductive ducts:
The duct where sperm acquire motility and mature
Epididymis
Answer the following statements below regarding male reproductive ducts:
The duct which transports seminal fluid into the urethra
Ejaculatory ducts
Answer the following statements below regarding male reproductive ducts:
The duct that stores sperm and transfers sperm to the urethra during ejaculation
Vas Deferens
- Identify the three (3) glands responsible for producing seminal fluid in the male reproductive
system and explain some of the basic functions of semen
Seminal vesicles:
Prostate:
Bulbourethral glands:
What structure inside of the testes is responsible for producing sperm?
Seminiferous tubules are the site of sperm production in the Testes
Describe the path that sperm follows from the site of production inside the testes out of the urethra (during ejaculation).
- Seminiferous tubules (testes)
- Epididymis
- Vas Deferens
- Ejaculatory ducts (seminal vesicles may add fluid contents)
- Urethra
- Describe the significance of each of the following cells found within the testes:
Spermatogonium
Spermatogonium— stem cells = produce any new sperm cells formed inside the testes producing male sex hormone testosterone
- Describe the significance of each of the following cells found within the testes:
Sertoli cells
Sertoli cells— secrete hormone Inhibin, support/nourish/break-down sperm
- Describe the significance of each of the following cells found within the testes:
Leydig cells
Leydig cells— producing male sex hormone testosterone
Describe the significance of the following structures located on sperm:
- Acrosome
- Tail
- Acrosome— Head of sperm, realize enzymes when in contact with egg to penetrate cell
b. Tail— Makes sperm mobile, propels sperm forward through female reproductive site
Regarding hormones that control the testes:
Leutinizing Hormone
Target: Ledig Cells
Function: increase Testosterone
Regarding hormones that control the testes:
Follicle Stimulating Hormone
Target: Sertoli Cells
Function: Increase sperm cell production
Regarding hormones that control the testes:
Testosterone
Target: Multiple targets
Function: control male secondary sex characteristics
Regarding hormones that control the testes:
Inhibin
Target: Pituitary gland
Function: reduce expression of Follicle Stimulating hormone (FSH)
Regarding stages of follicle development which occur
in the ovaries:
The remnant of the follicle after ovulation
Corpus Luteum
regarding stages of follicle development which occur
in the ovaries:
The component that arises during fetal development in females:
Primordial Follicles
regarding stages of follicle development which occur
in the ovaries:
The component that arises during ovulation, sperm target this structure for fertilization:
Dominant Follicle
regarding stages of follicle development which occur
in the ovaries:
The component that develops once a month, after the onset of puberty
Primary Follicle
regarding stages of follicle development which occur
in the ovaries:
The component that develops from secondary follicles
Mature Follicle
Which structure in the female reproductive anatomy serves as the site of fertilization?
Fallopian Tubes
Which structure in the female reproductive anatomy serves as the site of implantation for the fertilized egg?
Uterine Cavity
Answer the following statements below regarding uterine and fallopian tube anatomy:
The superior portion of the uterus
Fundus of Uterus
Answer the following statements below regarding uterine and fallopian tube anatomy:
The layer of the uterus comprised of smooth muscle
Myometrium
Answer the following statements below regarding uterine and fallopian tube anatomy:
The component of the fallopian tube that connects to the ovaries
Infundibulum
Answer the following statements below regarding uterine and fallopian tube anatomy:
The component of the uterus which connects to the vagina
Cervix
Answer the following statements below regarding uterine and fallopian tube anatomy:
The innermost layer of the uterus, shed every month during a period
Endometrium
Answer the following statements below regarding hormones which target the female
reproductive system:
Production of this hormone from secondary and mature follicles promotes
growth/thickening of the endometrial lining of the uterus
Estrogen
Answer the following statements below regarding hormones which target the female
reproductive system:
Production of this hormone from the pituitary gland promotes the growth of a
primordial follicle into a mature follicle
Follicle Stimulating Hormone
Answer the following statements below regarding hormones which target the female
reproductive system:
A drop (or reduced levels) of these two hormones initiates menstruation
Menstrual Flow
Answer the following statements below regarding hormones which target the female
reproductive system:
Production of this hormone from the pituitary gland promotes release of the secondary
oocyte from a mature follicle
Lueteinizing Hormone
Answer the following statements below regarding hormones which target the female
reproductive system:
Production of this hormone from the corpus luteum helps implant fertilized ova in the
endometrial lining
Progesterone
Mammary glands are a type of modified ______ gland utilized to produce milk.
Sudiferous gland … sweat gland
What structure inside of mammary glands is responsible for the actual production of milk?
Alveoli = milk producing glands inside breast
Describe the different functions of prolactin and oxytocin on mammary glands
Prolactin: Production of milk inside alveoli of the breast
Oxytocin: regulates secretion of milk out of memory/ lactiferous ducts of breast
