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Anatomy/Phys > Chapter 21-1 > Flashcards

Chapter 21-1 Flashcards

Male / Female Reproductive System

1
Q
  1. What is the importance of the testes in the male reproductive system?

How do the male reproductive ducts and accessory glands function together with the testes?

A

Testes: responsible for creation of sperm (male gamete)

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2
Q

Answer the following statements below regarding male reproductive ducts:

The duct which transports sperm & semen out of the male reproductive tract

A

Urethra

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3
Q

Answer the following statements below regarding male reproductive ducts:

The duct where sperm acquire motility and mature

A

Epididymis

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4
Q

Answer the following statements below regarding male reproductive ducts:

The duct which transports seminal fluid into the urethra

A

Ejaculatory ducts

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5
Q

Answer the following statements below regarding male reproductive ducts:

The duct that stores sperm and transfers sperm to the urethra during ejaculation

A

Vas Deferens

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6
Q
  1. Identify the three (3) glands responsible for producing seminal fluid in the male reproductive
    system and explain some of the basic functions of semen
A

Seminal vesicles:
Prostate:
Bulbourethral glands:

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7
Q

What structure inside of the testes is responsible for producing sperm?

A

Seminiferous tubules are the site of sperm production in the Testes

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8
Q

Describe the path that sperm follows from the site of production inside the testes out of the urethra (during ejaculation).

A
  1. Seminiferous tubules (testes)
  2. Epididymis
  3. Vas Deferens
  4. Ejaculatory ducts (seminal vesicles may add fluid contents)
  5. Urethra
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9
Q
  1. Describe the significance of each of the following cells found within the testes:

Spermatogonium

A

Spermatogonium— stem cells = produce any new sperm cells formed inside the testes producing male sex hormone testosterone

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10
Q
  1. Describe the significance of each of the following cells found within the testes:

Sertoli cells

A

Sertoli cells— secrete hormone Inhibin, support/nourish/break-down sperm

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11
Q
  1. Describe the significance of each of the following cells found within the testes:

Leydig cells

A

Leydig cells— producing male sex hormone testosterone

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12
Q

Describe the significance of the following structures located on sperm:

  1. Acrosome
  2. Tail
A
  1. Acrosome— Head of sperm, realize enzymes when in contact with egg to penetrate cell

b. Tail— Makes sperm mobile, propels sperm forward through female reproductive site

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13
Q

Regarding hormones that control the testes:

Leutinizing Hormone

A

Target: Ledig Cells

Function: increase Testosterone

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14
Q

Regarding hormones that control the testes:

Follicle Stimulating Hormone

A

Target: Sertoli Cells

Function: Increase sperm cell production

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15
Q

Regarding hormones that control the testes:

Testosterone

A

Target: Multiple targets

Function: control male secondary sex characteristics

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16
Q

Regarding hormones that control the testes:

Inhibin

A

Target: Pituitary gland

Function: reduce expression of Follicle Stimulating hormone (FSH)

17
Q

Regarding stages of follicle development which occur
in the ovaries:

The remnant of the follicle after ovulation

A

Corpus Luteum

18
Q

regarding stages of follicle development which occur
in the ovaries:

The component that arises during fetal development in females:

A

Primordial Follicles

19
Q

regarding stages of follicle development which occur
in the ovaries:

The component that arises during ovulation, sperm target this structure for fertilization:

A

Dominant Follicle

20
Q

regarding stages of follicle development which occur
in the ovaries:

The component that develops once a month, after the onset of puberty

A

Primary Follicle

21
Q

regarding stages of follicle development which occur
in the ovaries:

The component that develops from secondary follicles

A

Mature Follicle

22
Q

Which structure in the female reproductive anatomy serves as the site of fertilization?

A

Fallopian Tubes

23
Q

Which structure in the female reproductive anatomy serves as the site of implantation for the fertilized egg?

A

Uterine Cavity

24
Q

Answer the following statements below regarding uterine and fallopian tube anatomy:

The superior portion of the uterus

A

Fundus of Uterus

25
Q

Answer the following statements below regarding uterine and fallopian tube anatomy:

The layer of the uterus comprised of smooth muscle

A

Myometrium

26
Q

Answer the following statements below regarding uterine and fallopian tube anatomy:

The component of the fallopian tube that connects to the ovaries

A

Infundibulum

27
Q

Answer the following statements below regarding uterine and fallopian tube anatomy:

The component of the uterus which connects to the vagina

A

Cervix

28
Q

Answer the following statements below regarding uterine and fallopian tube anatomy:

The innermost layer of the uterus, shed every month during a period

A

Endometrium

29
Q

Answer the following statements below regarding hormones which target the female
reproductive system:

Production of this hormone from secondary and mature follicles promotes
growth/thickening of the endometrial lining of the uterus

A

Estrogen

30
Q

Answer the following statements below regarding hormones which target the female
reproductive system:

Production of this hormone from the pituitary gland promotes the growth of a
primordial follicle into a mature follicle

A

Follicle Stimulating Hormone

31
Q

Answer the following statements below regarding hormones which target the female
reproductive system:

A drop (or reduced levels) of these two hormones initiates menstruation

A

Menstrual Flow

32
Q

Answer the following statements below regarding hormones which target the female
reproductive system:

Production of this hormone from the pituitary gland promotes release of the secondary
oocyte from a mature follicle

A

Lueteinizing Hormone

33
Q

Answer the following statements below regarding hormones which target the female
reproductive system:

Production of this hormone from the corpus luteum helps implant fertilized ova in the
endometrial lining

A

Progesterone

34
Q

Mammary glands are a type of modified ______ gland utilized to produce milk.

A

Sudiferous gland … sweat gland

35
Q

What structure inside of mammary glands is responsible for the actual production of milk?

A

Alveoli = milk producing glands inside breast

36
Q

Describe the different functions of prolactin and oxytocin on mammary glands

A

Prolactin: Production of milk inside alveoli of the breast

Oxytocin: regulates secretion of milk out of memory/ lactiferous ducts of breast

Anatomy/Phys (6 decks)

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