Chapter 20 part 1 reverse Flashcards
reverse
classification by name
chemical
generic (nonproprietary)
trade
reverse
chemical name
first name given to drug is likely
reverse
generic
nonproprietary
usually a simplified spin off of the chemical name
reverse
trade
proprietary
brand
trademark
name given to specify that a drug is made by that specific company
reverse
motrin
ibuprofen
chemical name
example of trade, generic, chemical name
reverse
alternate ways to classify drugs
by action
by legal classification
reverse
classify by family
drugs with similar chemical actions are grouped into drug familes
example: analgesics
reverse
classifed by legal control
prescription dispensed by pharmacist
nonprescription
reverse
dosage forms
tablet
capsule
inhalation
suppository
solution
suspension
transdermal patch
reverse
tablet
most common (oral dose)
can be enteric coated or scored
some may be time release
reverse
capsule
can be powdered or liquid contained in gelatin shell
reverse
inhalation
used for local or systemic effects
local treat asthma/COPD
systemic general anesthesia
reverse
suppository
inserted into body orifice (dissolves)
reverse
solution
one or more drugs dissolved in liquid carrier
rapidly absorbed
administered orally or parenternally (through the skin)
reverse
suspension
one or more drugs in small particles are suspended in liquid carrier
not water soluable
should be shaken before administered
should not be administered intravenously
reverse
transdermal patch
applied to skin surface and absorbed into bloodstream
releases drug over time
metals can overheat in MRI and cause burns
reverse
analgesics
drugs that relieve pain without loss oc consciousness
opiads
non-opiads
reverse
opioids
narcotic
morphine and demerol
can cuase N/V and constipation
possible physical dependency
reverse
non-opioids
non-narcotic
acetomenophen do not cause dependency
reverse
anesthetics
act on CNS to produce loss of sensation
general and local
reverse
general anesthetic
old days ether
modern pentothal
inhalation or IV for major surgery
overuse: irregular heartbeat, diff breathing, death
reverse
local anesthetic
block nerve conduction to that part of body
novacain
lidocaine
reverse
antianxiety agents
act on CNS ro calm patient
valium
Xanax
reverse
antiarrhythymiics
used to treat heart arrythmias
cordorone
reverse
antibiotic
used to destroy or inhibit growth of microorganisms
broad spectrum
narrow spectrum
reverse
broad spectrum antibiotic
effective against large number of microorganisms
z-pak
cepro
reverse
narrow spectrum antibiotics
effective against small number of microorganisms
penicillin
erythromyacin
reverse
anticholinergic
anti-spasmatic
reduce smooth muscle tone, motility of gastrointestinal tract and secretions of respiratory tract secretory glands
may cause dry mouth, rapid heart beat and delerium
atropine
glucagon before BE
reverse
anticoagulants
slow down the clotting time of blood
prevent thromboembolic disorders (blocking vessel due to clot)
heparin
coumadin
reverse
heparin
anticoagulant
used in angiography so catheter does not collcet blood clots
administered intravenously
should not be administered intramuscular can cause hematoma
reverse
coumadin
oral anti coagulant
reverse
anticonvulsants
used to prevent or control seizures, either grand mal or petite mal
they don’t treat cause of seizure
dilantin for grand mal
depakote for petite mal
reverse
antidepressants
treatment of depression (6-12 weeks for effects)
selective seratonin Reuptake inhibitors (prozac, zoloft, paxil, lexapro)
low seratonin levels associated with depression
seratonin makes synapse of nerve more smooth
SSRI’s used for panic disorder
can cause N/V
reverse
antidiabetic agents
treats type 1 or type 2
reverse
type 1 diabetes
absence of insulin
insulin used to treat
reverse
type 2 diabetes
insulin deficiency or resistance
glyburide (micronanse)
glipzide (glucotrol)
metformin (gluophage or glucovane)
recommended that metformin not be taken prior to iodinated contrast studies, get labs, can cause renal failure
reverse
antiemetics
used to treat nausea and vomiting
better given before onset of symptoms
compazine
zofran
reverse
antifungal agents
supress or destroy fungi
reverse
antihistamines
treat both acute and chronic disorders
sedating
non-sedating
reverse
sedating antihistamine
first generation
benedryl on crash cart
if emergency admisistered intramuscularl
reverse
non sedating antihistamine
second generation
claritin orally for not as severe allergic disorders
reverse
antihyperlipdemic agents
reduce lipid levels in blood stream which can lead to atherosclerosis (leading cause of death in US for men and women)
one groujp statins
lipitor and zocor
can cause constipation, abdominal and or muscle pain and liver abnormalities
cholesterol should not be over 200
reverse
antihypertensive
used to treat hypertension (HBP)
often usedin combination with other drugs (diuretics)
tenormin
lopressor
vasotec
reverse
antiplatelets
inhibit platelet buildup in blood stream
needed when have MI, strokes, TIA (ischemia means not enough blood)
often called blood thinnners
aspirin
plavix
repro
can cause bleeding.
apply pressure longer after injection
reverse
antipsychotics
treat psychiatric disorders (schizophrenia)
adverse effects sedation and orthostatic hypertension(dizzy when you stand or sit too fast)
haloperidol
reverse
antiulcer agents
for peptic ulcers (both gastro and duodenal)
used for GERD (Gastro Esophogeal Reflux Disorder)
peptic ulcers caused by bacteria helicobactor pylori
zantac
prevacid
reverse
antiviral
destroy or suppress growth of virus
treats herpes simplex, chicken pox, shingle , influenza and infections with HIV
retrovir and AZT treat HIV infections
reverse
bronchodilators
treat asthma and COPD
dilate brochioles
can cause nervousness and tachycardia
albuterol
reverse
cholinesterase inhibitor
treat alzheimers disease
prevents too much uptake of acetylcholine, a major neurotransmitter
reverse
coagulants
control hemmorrhage or speed up clotting
most manufactured form of vitamin K
reverse
corticosteroids
treat both long term chronic inflammation disorders and short term acute inflammatoin
flovent for lungs
depro medrol for joints
reverse
diuretics
increase amount of urine excreted by kidneys
furosemide (lasik) is potent oneoften used to treat fluid buildup that may come from congestive heart failure
often used with antihypertensive drugs
pt may have to use bathroom often
reverse
emetics
used to produce emesis (vomitting)
ipecac
reverse
hormones
used to stimulate the functional activity of endocrine system
premarin very common
may also inhibit hormon production
tamoxifen estrogen inhibitor
reverse
laxatives
can be used to prep patients for procedures
small bowle, BE, colonoscopy
reverse
mood stabilizing drugs
prevent mood swings
treat manic depressant disorders (bipolar disorder)
reverse
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
NSAIDs
act as analgesic as well as reduce fever and inflammation
ibuprofen (motrin) common one
some have caused CV issues
celebrex still on market
can cause GI irratation and bleeding
reverse
sedatives
also called hypnotics (CNS depression)
mild sedation to complete sleep
can lead to physical dependence
zolpidem (ambien) common one
reverse
stimulants
increase function and or activity of CNS and brain
methylphenidate (ritalin) for ADHD (adderall)
Dopamine (intropine) often on crash cart to stimulate myocardium of heart and prevent shock and hypertension
reverse
thrombolytics
disolve clots (thrombi)
alteplase (activase) administered parenterally for MI/Stroke
reverse
vasoconstrictors
cause blood vessels to constrict
Norepinephrine is common one
reverse
vasodilators
cause blood vessels to dilate
used for vascular disease and agina (heart pain)
nitroglycverin in still commom one (patch, sublinguilly, orally)
also epinephrine
reverse
antianxiety agents
valium
Xanax
reverse
antiarrhythymiics
cordorone
reverse
broad spectrum antibiotic
z-pak
cepro
reverse
Narrow spectrum antibiotics
penicillin
erythromyacin
reverse
anticholinergic
anti-spasmatic
delerium
atropine
glucagon before BE
reverse
anticoagulants
heparin
coumadin
reverse
anticonvulsants
dilantin for grand mal
depakote for petite mal
reverse
antidepressants
prozac
zoloft
paxil
lexapro
reverse
type 2 diabetes
antidiabetic
glyburide (micronanse)
glipzide (glucotrol)
metformin (gluophage or glucovane)
reverse
antiemetics
compazine
zofran
reverse
sedating antihistamine
benedryl
reverse
non sedating antihistamine
claritin
reverse
antihyperlipdemic agents
lipitor
zocor
reverse
antihypertensive
tenormin
lopressor
vasotec
reverse
antiplatelets
aspirin
plavix
repro
reverse
antipsychotics
haloperidol
reverse
antiulcer agents
zantac
prevacid
reverse
antiviral
retrovir
AZT
reverse
bronchodilators
albuterol
reverse
coagulants
most manufactured form of vitamin K
reverse
corticosteroids
flovent for lungs
depro for joints
reverse
diuretic
furosemide (lasik)
reverse
emetics
ipecac
reverse
hormones
premarin
tamoxifen
reverse
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
ibuprofen (motrin)
celebrex
reverse
sedatives
zolpidem (ambien)
reverse
stimulants
methylphenidate (ritalin)
(adderall)
Dopamine (intropine)
reverse
thrombolytics
alteplase (activase)
reverse
vasoconstrictors
Norepinephrine
reverse
vasodilators
nitroglycerin (patch, sublinguilly, orally)
also epinephrine
reverse
opioid analgesics
narcotic
morphine
demerol
reverse
non-opioid analegesic
non-narcotic
acetomenophen
reverse
general anesthetic
ether
pentothal
reverse
local anesthetic
novacain
lidocaine
