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Z MRI Clinical Prep > Chapter 20 part 1 reverse > Flashcards

Chapter 20 part 1 reverse Flashcards

1
Q

reverse

classification by name

A

chemical

generic (nonproprietary)

trade

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2
Q

reverse

chemical name

A

first name given to drug is likely

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3
Q

reverse

generic

nonproprietary

A

usually a simplified spin off of the chemical name

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4
Q

reverse

trade

proprietary

brand

trademark

A

name given to specify that a drug is made by that specific company

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5
Q

reverse

motrin

ibuprofen

chemical name

A

example of trade, generic, chemical name

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6
Q

reverse

alternate ways to classify drugs

A

by action

by legal classification

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7
Q

reverse

classify by family

A

drugs with similar chemical actions are grouped into drug familes

example: analgesics

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8
Q

reverse

classifed by legal control

A

prescription dispensed by pharmacist

nonprescription

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9
Q

reverse

dosage forms

A

tablet

capsule

inhalation

suppository

solution

suspension

transdermal patch

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10
Q

reverse

tablet

A

most common (oral dose)

can be enteric coated or scored

some may be time release

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11
Q

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capsule

A

can be powdered or liquid contained in gelatin shell

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12
Q

reverse

inhalation

A

used for local or systemic effects

local treat asthma/COPD

systemic general anesthesia

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13
Q

reverse

suppository

A

inserted into body orifice (dissolves)

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14
Q

reverse

solution

A

one or more drugs dissolved in liquid carrier

rapidly absorbed

administered orally or parenternally (through the skin)

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15
Q

reverse

suspension

A

one or more drugs in small particles are suspended in liquid carrier

not water soluable

should be shaken before administered

should not be administered intravenously

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16
Q

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transdermal patch

A

applied to skin surface and absorbed into bloodstream

releases drug over time

metals can overheat in MRI and cause burns

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17
Q

reverse

analgesics

A

drugs that relieve pain without loss oc consciousness

opiads

non-opiads

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18
Q

reverse

opioids

A

narcotic

morphine and demerol

can cuase N/V and constipation

possible physical dependency

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19
Q

reverse

non-opioids

A

non-narcotic

acetomenophen do not cause dependency

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20
Q

reverse

anesthetics

A

act on CNS to produce loss of sensation

general and local

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21
Q

reverse

general anesthetic

A

old days ether

modern pentothal

inhalation or IV for major surgery

overuse: irregular heartbeat, diff breathing, death

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22
Q

reverse

local anesthetic

A

block nerve conduction to that part of body

novacain

lidocaine

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23
Q

reverse

antianxiety agents

A

act on CNS ro calm patient

valium

Xanax

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24
Q

reverse

antiarrhythymiics

A

used to treat heart arrythmias

cordorone

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25
Q

reverse

antibiotic

A

used to destroy or inhibit growth of microorganisms

broad spectrum

narrow spectrum

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26
Q

reverse

broad spectrum antibiotic

A

effective against large number of microorganisms

z-pak

cepro

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27
Q

reverse

narrow spectrum antibiotics

A

effective against small number of microorganisms

penicillin

erythromyacin

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28
Q

reverse

anticholinergic

anti-spasmatic

A

reduce smooth muscle tone, motility of gastrointestinal tract and secretions of respiratory tract secretory glands

may cause dry mouth, rapid heart beat and delerium

atropine

glucagon before BE

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29
Q

reverse

anticoagulants

A

slow down the clotting time of blood

prevent thromboembolic disorders (blocking vessel due to clot)

heparin

coumadin

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30
Q

reverse

heparin

anticoagulant

A

used in angiography so catheter does not collcet blood clots

administered intravenously

should not be administered intramuscular can cause hematoma

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31
Q

reverse

coumadin

A

oral anti coagulant

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32
Q

reverse

anticonvulsants

A

used to prevent or control seizures, either grand mal or petite mal

they don’t treat cause of seizure

dilantin for grand mal

depakote for petite mal

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33
Q

reverse

antidepressants

A

treatment of depression (6-12 weeks for effects)

selective seratonin Reuptake inhibitors (prozac, zoloft, paxil, lexapro)

low seratonin levels associated with depression

seratonin makes synapse of nerve more smooth

SSRI’s used for panic disorder

can cause N/V

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34
Q

reverse

antidiabetic agents

A

treats type 1 or type 2

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35
Q

reverse

type 1 diabetes

A

absence of insulin

insulin used to treat

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36
Q

reverse

type 2 diabetes

A

insulin deficiency or resistance

glyburide (micronanse)

glipzide (glucotrol)

metformin (gluophage or glucovane)

recommended that metformin not be taken prior to iodinated contrast studies, get labs, can cause renal failure

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37
Q

reverse

antiemetics

A

used to treat nausea and vomiting

better given before onset of symptoms

compazine

zofran

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38
Q

reverse

antifungal agents

A

supress or destroy fungi

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39
Q

reverse

antihistamines

A

treat both acute and chronic disorders

sedating

non-sedating

40
Q

reverse

sedating antihistamine

A

first generation

benedryl on crash cart

if emergency admisistered intramuscularl

41
Q

reverse

non sedating antihistamine

A

second generation

claritin orally for not as severe allergic disorders

42
Q

reverse

antihyperlipdemic agents

A

reduce lipid levels in blood stream which can lead to atherosclerosis (leading cause of death in US for men and women)

one groujp statins

lipitor and zocor

can cause constipation, abdominal and or muscle pain and liver abnormalities

cholesterol should not be over 200

43
Q

reverse

antihypertensive

A

used to treat hypertension (HBP)

often usedin combination with other drugs (diuretics)

tenormin

lopressor

vasotec

44
Q

reverse

antiplatelets

A

inhibit platelet buildup in blood stream

needed when have MI, strokes, TIA (ischemia means not enough blood)

often called blood thinnners

aspirin

plavix

repro

can cause bleeding.

apply pressure longer after injection

45
Q

reverse

antipsychotics

A

treat psychiatric disorders (schizophrenia)

adverse effects sedation and orthostatic hypertension(dizzy when you stand or sit too fast)

haloperidol

46
Q

reverse

antiulcer agents

A

for peptic ulcers (both gastro and duodenal)

used for GERD (Gastro Esophogeal Reflux Disorder)

peptic ulcers caused by bacteria helicobactor pylori

zantac

prevacid

47
Q

reverse

antiviral

A

destroy or suppress growth of virus

treats herpes simplex, chicken pox, shingle , influenza and infections with HIV

retrovir and AZT treat HIV infections

48
Q

reverse

bronchodilators

A

treat asthma and COPD

dilate brochioles

can cause nervousness and tachycardia

albuterol

49
Q

reverse

cholinesterase inhibitor

A

treat alzheimers disease

prevents too much uptake of acetylcholine, a major neurotransmitter

50
Q

reverse

coagulants

A

control hemmorrhage or speed up clotting

most manufactured form of vitamin K

51
Q

reverse

corticosteroids

A

treat both long term chronic inflammation disorders and short term acute inflammatoin

flovent for lungs

depro medrol for joints

52
Q

reverse

diuretics

A

increase amount of urine excreted by kidneys

furosemide (lasik) is potent oneoften used to treat fluid buildup that may come from congestive heart failure

often used with antihypertensive drugs

pt may have to use bathroom often

53
Q

reverse

emetics

A

used to produce emesis (vomitting)

ipecac

54
Q

reverse

hormones

A

used to stimulate the functional activity of endocrine system

premarin very common

may also inhibit hormon production

tamoxifen estrogen inhibitor

55
Q

reverse

laxatives

A

can be used to prep patients for procedures

small bowle, BE, colonoscopy

56
Q

reverse

mood stabilizing drugs

A

prevent mood swings

treat manic depressant disorders (bipolar disorder)

57
Q

reverse

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

A

NSAIDs

act as analgesic as well as reduce fever and inflammation

ibuprofen (motrin) common one

some have caused CV issues

celebrex still on market

can cause GI irratation and bleeding

58
Q

reverse

sedatives

A

also called hypnotics (CNS depression)

mild sedation to complete sleep

can lead to physical dependence

zolpidem (ambien) common one

59
Q

reverse

stimulants

A

increase function and or activity of CNS and brain

methylphenidate (ritalin) for ADHD (adderall)

Dopamine (intropine) often on crash cart to stimulate myocardium of heart and prevent shock and hypertension

60
Q

reverse

thrombolytics

A

disolve clots (thrombi)

alteplase (activase) administered parenterally for MI/Stroke

61
Q

reverse

vasoconstrictors

A

cause blood vessels to constrict

Norepinephrine is common one

62
Q

reverse

vasodilators

A

cause blood vessels to dilate

used for vascular disease and agina (heart pain)

nitroglycverin in still commom one (patch, sublinguilly, orally)

also epinephrine

63
Q

reverse

antianxiety agents

A

valium

Xanax

64
Q

reverse

antiarrhythymiics

A

cordorone

65
Q

reverse

broad spectrum antibiotic

A

z-pak

cepro

66
Q

reverse

Narrow spectrum antibiotics

A

penicillin

erythromyacin

67
Q

reverse

anticholinergic

anti-spasmatic

A

delerium

atropine

glucagon before BE

68
Q

reverse

anticoagulants

A

heparin

coumadin

69
Q

reverse

anticonvulsants

A

dilantin for grand mal

depakote for petite mal

70
Q

reverse

antidepressants

A

prozac

zoloft

paxil

lexapro

71
Q

reverse

type 2 diabetes

antidiabetic

A

glyburide (micronanse)

glipzide (glucotrol)

metformin (gluophage or glucovane)

72
Q

reverse

antiemetics

A

compazine

zofran

73
Q

reverse

sedating antihistamine

A

benedryl

74
Q

reverse

non sedating antihistamine

A

claritin

75
Q

reverse

antihyperlipdemic agents

A

lipitor

zocor

76
Q

reverse

antihypertensive

A

tenormin

lopressor

vasotec

77
Q

reverse

antiplatelets

A

aspirin

plavix

repro

78
Q

reverse

antipsychotics

A

haloperidol

79
Q

reverse

antiulcer agents

A

zantac

prevacid

80
Q

reverse

antiviral

A

retrovir

AZT

81
Q

reverse

bronchodilators

A

albuterol

82
Q

reverse

coagulants

A

most manufactured form of vitamin K

83
Q

reverse

corticosteroids

A

flovent for lungs

depro for joints

84
Q

reverse

diuretic

A

furosemide (lasik)

85
Q

reverse

emetics

A

ipecac

86
Q

reverse

hormones

A

premarin

tamoxifen

87
Q

reverse

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

A

ibuprofen (motrin)

celebrex

88
Q

reverse

sedatives

A

zolpidem (ambien)

89
Q

reverse

stimulants

A

methylphenidate (ritalin)

(adderall)

Dopamine (intropine)

90
Q

reverse

thrombolytics

A

alteplase (activase)

91
Q

reverse

vasoconstrictors

A

Norepinephrine

92
Q

reverse

vasodilators

A

nitroglycerin (patch, sublinguilly, orally)

also epinephrine

93
Q

reverse

opioid analgesics

narcotic

A

morphine

demerol

94
Q

reverse

non-opioid analegesic

non-narcotic

A

acetomenophen

95
Q

reverse

general anesthetic

A

ether

pentothal

96
Q

reverse

local anesthetic

A

novacain

lidocaine

Z MRI Clinical Prep (12 decks)

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