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Z MRI Clinical Prep > Chapter 20 part 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 20 part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

chemical

generic (nonproprietary)

trade

A

classification by name

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2
Q

first name given to drug is likely

A

chemical name

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3
Q

usually a simplified spin off of the chemical name

A

generic

nonproprietary

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4
Q

name given to specify that a drug is made by that specific company

A

trade

proprietary

brand

trademark

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5
Q

example of trade, generic, chemical name

A

motrin

ibuprofen

chemical name

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6
Q

by action

by legal classification

A

alternate ways to classify drugs

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7
Q

drugs with similar chemical actions are grouped into drug familes

example: analgesics

A

classify by family

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8
Q

prescription dispensed by pharmacist

nonprescription

A

classifed by legal control

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9
Q

tablet

capsule

inhalation

suppository

solution

suspension

transdermal patch

A

dosage forms

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10
Q

most common (oral dose)

can be enteric coated or scored

some may be time release

A

tablet

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11
Q

can be powdered or liquid contained in gelatin shell

A

capsule

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12
Q

used for local or systemic effects

local treat asthma/COPD

systemic general anesthesia

A

inhalation

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13
Q

inserted into body orifice (dissolves)

A

suppository

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14
Q

one or more drugs dissolved in liquid carrier

rapidly absorbed

administered orally or parenternally (through the skin)

A

solution

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15
Q

one or more drugs in small particles are suspended in liquid carrier

not water soluable

should be shaken before administered

should not be administered intravenously

A

suspension

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16
Q

applied to skin surface and absorbed into bloodstream

releases drug over time

metals can overheat in MRI and cause burns

A

transdermal patch

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17
Q

drugs that relieve pain without loss oc consciousness

opiads

non-opiads

A

analgesics

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18
Q

narcotic

morphine and demerol

can cuase N/V and constipation

possible physical dependency

A

opioids

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19
Q

non-narcotic

acetomenophen do not cause dependency

A

non-opioids

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20
Q

act on CNS to produce loss of sensation

general and local

A

anesthetics

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21
Q

old days ether

modern pentothal

inhalation or IV for major surgery

overuse: irregular heartbeat, diff breathing, death

A

general anesthetic

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22
Q

block nerve conduction to that part of body

novacain

lidocaine

A

local anesthetic

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23
Q

act on CNS ro calm patient

valium

Xanax

A

antianxiety agents

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24
Q

used to treat heart arrythmias

cordorone

A

antiarrhythymiics

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25
Q

used to destroy or inhibit growth of microorganisms

broad spectrum

narrow spectrum

A

antibiotic

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26
Q

effective against large number of microorganisms

z-pak

cepro

A

broad spectrum antibiotic

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27
Q

effective against small number of microorganisms

penicillin

erythromyacin

A

narrow spectrum antibiotics

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28
Q

reduce smooth muscle tone, motility of gastrointestinal tract and secretions of respiratory tract secretory glands

may cause dry mouth, rapid heart beat and delerium

atropine

glucagon before BE

A

anticholinergic

anti-spasmatic

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29
Q

slow down the clotting time of blood

prevent thromboembolic disorders (blocking vessel due to clot)

heparin

coumadin

A

anticoagulants

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30
Q

used in angiography so catheter does not collcet blood clots

administered intravenously

should not be administered intramuscular can cause hematoma

A

heparin

anticoagulant

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31
Q

oral anti coagulant

A

coumadin

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32
Q

used to prevent or control seizures, either grand mal or petite mal

they don’t treat cause of seizure

dilantin for grand mal

depakote for petite mal

A

anticonvulsants

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33
Q

treatment of depression (6-12 weeks for effects)

selective seratonin Reuptake inhibitors (prozac, zoloft, paxil, lexapro)

low seratonin levels associated with depression

seratonin makes synapse of nerve more smooth

SSRI’s used for panic disorder

can cause N/V

A

antidepressants

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34
Q

treats type 1 or type 2

A

antidiabetic agents

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35
Q

absence of insulin

insulin used to treat

A

type 1 diabetes

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36
Q

insulin deficiency or resistance

glyburide (micronanse)

glipzide (glucotrol)

metformin (gluophage or glucovane)

recommended that metformin not be taken prior to iodinated contrast studies, get labs, can cause renal failure

A

type 2 diabetes

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37
Q

used to treat nausea and vomiting

better given before onset of symptoms

compazine

zofran

A

antiemetics

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38
Q

supress or destroy fungi

A

antifungal agents

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39
Q

treat both acute and chronic disorders

sedating

non-sedating

A

antihistamines

40
Q

first generation

benedryl on crash cart

if emergency admisistered intramuscularl

A

sedating antihistamine

41
Q

second generation

claritin orally for not as severe allergic disorders

A

non sedating antihistamine

42
Q

reduce lipid levels in blood stream which can lead to atherosclerosis (leading cause of death in US for men and women)

one groujp statins

lipitor and zocor

can cause constipation, abdominal and or muscle pain and liver abnormalities

cholesterol should not be over 200

A

antihyperlipdemic agents

43
Q

used to treat hypertension (HBP)

often usedin combination with other drugs (diuretics)

tenormin

lopressor

vasotec

A

antihypertensive

44
Q

inhibit platelet buildup in blood stream

needed when have MI, strokes, TIA (ischemia means not enough blood)

often called blood thinnners

aspirin

plavix

repro

can cause bleeding.

apply pressure longer after injection

A

antiplatelets

45
Q

treat psychiatric disorders (schizophrenia)

adverse effects sedation and orthostatic hypertension(dizzy when you stand or sit too fast)

haloperidol

A

antipsychotics

46
Q

for peptic ulcers (both gastro and duodenal)

used for GERD (Gastro Esophogeal Reflux Disorder)

peptic ulcers caused by bacteria helicobactor pylori

zantac

prevacid

A

antiulcer agents

47
Q

destroy or suppress growth of virus

treats herpes simplex, chicken pox, shingle , influenza and infections with HIV

retrovir and AZT treat HIV infections

A

antiviral

48
Q

treat asthma and COPD

dilate brochioles

can cause nervousness and tachycardia

albuterol

A

bronchodilators

49
Q

treat alzheimers disease

prevents too much uptake of acetylcholine, a major neurotransmitter

A

cholinesterase inhibitor

50
Q

control hemmorrhage or speed up clotting

most manufactured form of vitamin K

A

coagulants

51
Q

treat both long term chronic inflammation disorders and short term acute inflammatoin

flovent for lungs

depro medrol for joints

A

corticosteroids

52
Q

increase amount of urine excreted by kidneys

furosemide (lasik) is potent oneoften used to treat fluid buildup that may come from congestive heart failure

often used with antihypertensive drugs

pt may have to use bathroom often

A

diuretics

53
Q

used to produce emesis (vomitting)

ipecac

A

emetics

54
Q

used to stimulate the functional activity of endocrine system

premarin very common

may also inhibit hormon production

tamoxifen estrogen inhibitor

A

hormones

55
Q

can be used to prep patients for procedures

small bowle, BE, colonoscopy

A

laxatives

56
Q

prevent mood swings

treat manic depressant disorders (bipolar disorder)

A

mood stabilizing drugs

57
Q

NSAIDs

act as analgesic as well as reduce fever and inflammation

ibuprofen (motrin) common one

some have caused CV issues

celebrex still on market

can cause GI irratation and bleeding

A

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

58
Q

also called hypnotics (CNS depression)

mild sedation to complete sleep

can lead to physical dependence

zolpidem (ambien) common one

A

sedatives

59
Q

increase function and or activity of CNS and brain

methylphenidate (ritalin) for ADHD (adderall)

Dopamine (intropine) often on crash cart to stimulate myocardium of heart and prevent shock and hypertension

A

stimulants

60
Q

disolve clots (thrombi)

alteplase (activase) administered parenterally for MI/Stroke

A

thrombolytics

61
Q

cause blood vessels to constrict

Norepinephrine is common one

A

vasoconstrictors

62
Q

cause blood vessels to dilate

used for vascular disease and agina (heart pain)

nitroglycverin in still commom one (patch, sublinguilly, orally)

also epinephrine

A

vasodilators

63
Q

valium

Xanax

versed (common used for pre-op)

A

antianxiety agents

64
Q

cordorone

A

antiarrhythymiics

65
Q

z-pak

cepro

A

broad spectrum antibiotic

66
Q

penicillin

erythromyacin

A

Narrow spectrum antibiotics

67
Q

delerium

atropine

glucagon before BE

A

anticholinergic

anti-spasmatic

68
Q

heparin

coumadin

A

anticoagulants

69
Q

dilantin for grand mal

depakote for petite mal

A

anticonvulsants

70
Q

prozac

zoloft

paxil

lexapro

A

antidepressants

71
Q

glyburide (micronanse)

glipzide (glucotrol)

metformin (gluophage or glucovane)

A

type 2 diabetes

antidiabetic

72
Q

compazine

zofran

A

antiemetics

73
Q

benedryl

A

sedating antihistamine

74
Q

claritin

A

non sedating antihistamine

75
Q

lipitor

zocor

A

antihyperlipdemic agents

76
Q

tenormin

lopressor

vasotec

A

antihypertensive

77
Q

aspirin

plavix

repro

A

antiplatelets

78
Q

haloperidol

A

antipsychotics

79
Q

zantac

prevacid

A

antiulcer agents

80
Q

retrovir

AZT

A

antiviral

81
Q

albuterol

A

bronchodilators

82
Q

most manufactured form of vitamin K

A

coagulants

83
Q

flovent for lungs

depro for joints

A

corticosteroids

84
Q

furosemide (lasik)

A

diuretic

85
Q

ipecac

A

emetics

86
Q

premarin

tamoxifen

A

hormones

87
Q

ibuprofen (motrin)

celebrex

A

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

88
Q

zolpidem (ambien)

A

sedatives

89
Q

methylphenidate (ritalin)

(adderall)

Dopamine (intropine)

A

stimulants

90
Q

alteplase (activase)

A

thrombolytics

91
Q

Norepinephrine

A

vasoconstrictors

92
Q

nitroglycerin (patch, sublinguilly, orally)

also epinephrine

A

vasodilators

93
Q

morphine

demerol

A

opioid analgesics

narcotic

94
Q

acetomenophen

A

non-opioid analgesic

non-narcotic

95
Q

ether

pentothal

A

general anesthetic

96
Q

novacain

lidocaine

A

local anesthetic

Z MRI Clinical Prep (12 decks)

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