Chapter 16 part 1 Flashcards
establishment and growth of microorganisms on or in a host…cause harm
infection
when infection results in injury to host
it is called
disease
obstruction by multiplying in large numbers
tissue damage
secrete substances
results from pathogenic microorganism infection
organic secreted substances
exotoxins
high body temps
nausea
vomiting
shock
side effects from infection
bacteria
viruses
fungi
protozoan parasites
4 infectious agents
microscopic single cell
simple organization
bacteria
lack nucleus
procaryotes
have nucleus
eukaryotes
morphology
biochemistry
genetic constitution
classifications of bacteria
highly resistant bacteria in resting state
endospores
streptococcal pharyngitis (strep throat)
klebbsielly pneumoniae (bacterial pneumonia)
clostridium botulinum (food poisoning)
common bacteria
simpler in form compared to bacteria or animal cells
lay dormant and never go away
neither prokaryotic or eukaryotic
viruses
can’t live outside a living cell
must have a host
no metabolism or way to reproduce
obligate intercellular parasites
(viruses)
by nucleic acid (DNA, RNA)
size
symmetry
classification of virus
viral particle attaches and inserts its genetic information
virion
travels in nervous system and appears when stimulated
why herpes simplex comes and goes
epstein barr (mono)
papillomavirous (warts)
rhinovirus (common cold)
common viruses
eukaryotic organism with membrane
intercellular organelles visualized
Fungi
sterol present in animal cell membrane has cholesterol
animal cell
vs
fungi
larger than bacteria
fungal size
grow 2 distinct forms
yeast
filamentous hypha (mold)
fungi two forms
similiar to a plant or tree branch
appearance of fungi via microscope
superficial
cutaneous
subcuntaneous
systemic
diseases caused by fungi
discoloration of skin
black/brown on palm and plantar
superficial fungal infection
tinea nigra
keratinized tissue
atheletes foot
ringworm
cutaneous fungal infection
tinea pedis
infection via skin trauma
through open wound
subcutaneous fungal infection
via circulatory system
lymphatic system
can be fatal
systemic fungal infection
unicellular
neither plant nor animal
motile
eukaryotic
protozoa
able to ingest food
rudimentary
basic digestive system of protozoa
amoeboid locomotion(wavelike)
flagella motion(LONG TAIL)
cilia(short tail)
motility classification of protozoa
wavelike
amoeboid locomotion
long tail
flagella motion
short protein tails
cilia motion
survive outside th host
resistant to chemical and physical change
protozoan cyst formation
trichomonal vaginalis (male and female)
plasmodium vivax
typical protozoan infections
trichomonas vagisalis
sexually transmitted disease
plasmodium vivax
malaria
encounter
entry
spread
multiplication
damage
outcome
establishment of infectious diseases
coming in contact with host
encounter
congenital infections
microorganisms that pass through placenta
rubella
syphillis
types of congenital infections
when are we exposed to infectious microbioorganisms
at birth
born with antibodies
breast feeding helps support until own is stronger
babies immune system
bodies rids itself
colonizers
disease causing
encounter outcomes
digestive
billiary
urinary
respiratory
entry methods
via fallopian tubes
female peritoneal entry for females
ingression
penetration
infectious ways of entry
does not involve deep tissue penetration
adheres to surface of cell and excretes toxins
ingest or inhale
ingression
skin layer broke
penetration
food
water
inhale aerosols/dust
common ingression methods
diarrhea
pneumonia
ingression symptoms and results
vectors (ticks, fleas, mosquitos)
penetration method
engulf foreign microbes
transport deeper
phagocytes
syphilis penetration
is congenital infection
protozoa
have flagella to help
removes paracyte
can transport deeper
phagocytes
barrier to overcome infection
immune system
where microbe enters and ends up
determines degree of
spread
disemination
describes the time that the microorganism takes before it multiplies
incubation period
direct
indirect
damage to cells
causes toxins or poisons to occur
eventually cell death
direct damage
fast moving can cause obstruction by microorganisms
growth phase
could alter metabolism of cell
produce host response and create cell death
botulism
indirect damage
host controls infection
infectious agent overcomes host immunities to cause disease
host and infectious agent compromise live in symbiosis
outcomes of infection
symbiosis
coexist
series of events must occur for microorganisms to spread
if cycle is broken cycle cannot continue
chain of infection
host
infectious microorganism
mode of transportation
reservoir
parts of chain of infection
human
host
bacteria
virus
fungi
protozoa
infectious microorganism
indirect
direct
mode of transportation
types of damage
transmitted outside the body
exogenously
transmitted inside the body
endogenously
handholding
coughing
sneezing
sexual contact
direct methods
common infection spread by direct contact
strep throat
most common infectious microbes spread method
liquid mediums
phlegm
aerosols
sneezes
coughs
urine
feces
common excretions for infectious spread
vectors (fleas, ticks, mosquitos)
indirect method of transportion
can be on body and spread into body after an injury
endogenous transmission
site where infection organism camps out
reservoir
person who carried infection
doies not necessarily display infection
carrier
cows
mosquitos
linens
other vectors
ingest milk
cows
ingest blood and transfer to next victim
mosquitos
inanimate object
fomite
linen
