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Earth Science > Chapter 20 > Flashcards

Chapter 20 Flashcards

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0
Q

What is a huge body of air in the troposphere with similar temperature and humidity throughout?

A

An air mass

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1
Q

Which thing on a station model gives two pieces of info?

A

Wind gives speed and direction

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2
Q

What is an area that an air mass took on the temperature and humidity of?

A

A source region

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3
Q

What can a source region be?

A

Land or water

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4
Q

Are source regions windy places?

A

NO

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5
Q

Continental

A

Low humidity (land)

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6
Q

Maritime

A

High humidity (oceans)

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7
Q

Polar

A

Cool/cold

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8
Q

Tropical

A

Warm

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9
Q

What is formed when two different air masses meet?

A

A front

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10
Q

What is it when the colliding air masses stop moving, or move parallel to the front between them, the front itself doesn’t move over the ground?

A

A stationary front

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11
Q

What forms if a warm air mass overtakes a cold air mass?

A

Warm front

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12
Q

What happens when a cold air mass meets a warm air mass?

A

A cold front forms

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13
Q

What do most interaction between air masses cause?

A

Precipitation

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14
Q

Air is lifted when warm, moist air crosses over a mountain. The mountain forces the air to rise and cool. At the dew point, clouds form and precipitation begins and spills over the other side. What causes this?

A

Orographic lifting

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15
Q

What causes the collision of horizontal air currents?

A

Convergence

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16
Q

What are the four types of severe weather?

A

Winter storms, thunderstorms, tornadoes, and hurricanes

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17
Q

What does hook do?

A

It indicates the presence of a tornado

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18
Q

What is a Nor’easter?

A

A cyclonic winter storm

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19
Q

What is a string of thunderstorms along a cold frontal system called?

A

A squall line

20
Q

How are thunderheads shaped?

A

They’re anvil-shaped

21
Q

What is the air called when a large thunderstorm is approaching and the rain is precede by a blast of noticeably cooler air?

A

A gust front

22
Q

What is thunderstorms greatest hazard?

A

Lightning

23
Q

What is an electrical discharge either between clouds or between a cloud and the ground?

A

Lightning

24
Q

What is a narrow, rapidly spinning mass of air extending downward from a cumulonimbus cloud?

A

A tornado

25
Q

What are massive rotating storms?

A

Supercells

26
Q

Do tornadoes occur often?

A

They only occur under unusual circumstances

27
Q

What are tornadoes associated with?

A

Supercells

28
Q

How can you figure how far away lightning is?

A

By counting the seconds until you hear thunder and divide that number by 5

29
Q

What are the two great destructive features of a tornado?

A

The high-speed, rotating wind and the updraft

30
Q

Are tornado’s path of destruction usually narrow?

A

YES

31
Q

What storm has the highest wind speeds?

A

Tornadoes

32
Q

Are tornadoes high pressured?

A

NO

33
Q

Does pressure cause damage in a tornado?

A

NO

34
Q

How high can a tornado’s wind speeds be?

A

As much as 320 mi/h

35
Q

What does the Enhanced Fujita-Pearson scale describe?

A

The width of the destruction path and the distance the tornado was in contact with the ground

36
Q

Are hurricanes formed by a single cumulonimbus cloud?

A

NO

37
Q

Where are hurricanes born?

A

Within 10-15 degrees latitude of the Equator

38
Q

What is a cyclonic storm that’s winds reach 39 mi/h or more categorized as?

A

Tropical storms

39
Q

How does the speed of the i rushing air increase in a hurricane?

A

As the low pressure in the center drops, the pressure gradient force grows

40
Q

What slows hurricanes down?

A

Land

41
Q

What are huge waves in hurricanes called?

A

The storm swell

42
Q

What is the higher than normal water level called?

A

The storm surge

43
Q

What is the storm surge caused by?

A

Wind

44
Q

How can you stay safe in a thunderstorm if you’re in an open field?

A

You crouch down and avoid being the tallest thing around

45
Q

What does a staff point to?

A

The direction from which the wind comes

46
Q

What are lines of equal pressure called?

A

Isobars

47
Q

What are the four principle weather maps or charts prepared by the National Weather Service called?

A

Synoptic weather maps

Earth Science (13 decks)

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