chapter 2 week 1 Flashcards
what does mesopotamia mean
“land between the rivers.”
what civilazation rose between the tigris and euphrates river
sumerian
by what year was the sumerian culture established
3000 BC
why do people think the garden of eden is in mesopotamia
genesis talks about the tigris and euphrates river being the 3rd and 4th rivers to border the garden of eden
In what modern-day country is
the Fertile Crescent?
mostly iraq but also kuwait
consisted of about a dozen independent city-states that had no political unity but possessed a similar culture.
sumer
(belief in many gods) was a natural result of the scattering of the people into separate ethnic groups, with each developing its own religion
Polytheism
the earliest known form of writing.
Using a wedge-shaped stylus, the Sumerians made impressions on tablets of wet clay, which they later baked until hard
cuneiform
The major occupation of the Sumerians
farming
These impressive pyramid-like structures had terraces at different levels along their exterior
ziggurats
Around 2270 BC this ruler came to power in the city-state of Kish;conquered other city-states and established the first known empire
sargon
united kingdom created by sargon which stretched from the Persian Gulf to northern Mesopotamia.
akkadian empire
rose to prominince after sargons death
Ur
what sumerian invention do we use today
the wheel, the division of a circle into 360 degrees, and the division of hours and minutes into sixty units.
established what is now referred to as the “Old Babylonian” Empire.
The Amorites
capitol of the old babylonian empire: tower of babel might have been built here
babylon
The sixth king of the Amorites: united the land of Mesopotamia under his rule.
Best remembered for his code of laws
Hammurabi,
why was hammurabis code of law arbitrary
punishment would be worse for lower social classes
capital of the akkadian empire
akkad
the study of celestial bodies
astronomy
interpreted human events and destiny by the position of the planets and stars
astrology
why did the amorites decline in power and influence
the death of king hammurabi
who were the descendents of Heth, the son of Canaan and the grandson of Ham
The Hittites
extended their empire into asia minor and into the fertile cresent by using iron weapons
the hitites
appeared around 2000 BC and became the greatest merchants of their day
the phoenecians
some of the items handled by the phoenecians
Spices, fine linen, wheat, cattle, horses, ivory, gold precious stones, and tin
The Phoenicians also gained great wealth through two valuable natural resources
cedar trees for building and mollusks for making dyes
are believed to be the originators of the alphabet
the phoenecians
The people of Tyre and the other Phoenician cities rejected the knowledge of the true God by worshipping______one of the canaanites gods
Baal
the daughter of the king of Sidon, who married King Ahab and introduced Baal-worship in Israel
jezebel
a covenant with Abraham that expresses very briefly God’s plan for redeeming His fallen world to Himself.
abrahamic covenant
what did God promise to abraham
-a group of descendants
-the land of Canaan
- He would bless all the peoples of the earth
