chapter 18.2

Question 1

barred from the coal mines all females as well as all males under ten years old

Answer 1

The Mines Act (1842)

Question 2

limited women and children in any industry to a ten-hour day

Answer 2

Ten Hour Bill

Question 3

led antislavery movement

Answer 3

William Wilberforce

Question 4

book that attacked mercantilism, the prevailing economic system of most European nations during the eighteenth century.

Answer 4

Wealth of Nations

Question 5

wrote wealth of nations

Answer 5

Adam Smith

Question 6

government does not interfere in business and trade but provides a favorable climate for business activity.

Answer 6

laissez faire

Question 7

lowered property qualifications for voting, increasing the electorate by an estimated 50 percen

Answer 7

Reform Bill of 1832

Question 8

advocated universal manhood suffrage, the secret ballot, equal electoral districts, pay for members of Parliament, no property qualifications for members of Parliament, and annual elections to Parliament

Answer 8

Chartism

Question 9

bought 44 percent of the shares in the Suez Canal from the ruler of Egypt, thereby enhancing British dominance in the Mediterranean region and greatly aiding British trade

Answer 9

Benjamin Disraeli

Question 10

emphasized domestic reforms that established a single national court system, instituted voting by secret ballot, and in 1884 extended suffrage to rural communities

Answer 10

William Gladstone

Question 11

has become the symbol of nineteenth-century Britain

Answer 11

Queen Victoria

Question 12

rejects individual responsibility

Answer 12

socialism

Question 13

textile manufacturer, established a socialist community for his workers at his textile mill in Scotland. He later established an agricultural community at New Harmony, Indiana

Answer 13

Robert Owen

Question 14

Four major types of socialism

Answer 14

utopian socialism, Marxism, Fabian socialism, and Christian socialism