chapter 17.2 Flashcards
meeting of European statesmen at the end of the Napoleonic Wars
Congress of Vienna
alliance between Austria, Prussia, Russia, and Great Britain to maintain the Congress of Vienna’s settlements
Quadruple Alliance
warning by James Monroe that the United States would resist any efforts to colonize the Americas; included a promise that the United States would not interfere in European affairs
Monroe Doctrine
Spaniards born and raised in Spain
peninsulares
Spaniards born in the New World
criollos
those of mixed Spanish and Indian blood
mestizos
ambitious military leaders who ruled as dictators
caudillos
political theory supporting an increase in civil and political freedoms and less government interference with the individual (early nineteenth century)
liberalism
a longing for independence and local autonomy
nationalism
revolution in France in 1830 that brought down Charles X and established Louis Philippe as king; sparked other revolutions throughout Europe
July Revolution
treaty that recognized the independence and perpetual neutrality of Belgium
Treaty of London
Nicholas I’s policy of uniting the diverse national groups within Nicholas’s territory around the culture and traditions of Russia
Russification
“politics of reality”; using whatever political means necessary—including force—to advance national goals
realpolitik
Italian nationalist movement
Risorgimento
nineteenth-century German trade union under the leadership of Prussia
Zollverein
also called Seven Weeks’ War; 1866 war in which Prussia defeated Austria
Austro-Prussian War
war between France and Prussia immediately caused by the Ems dispatch; won by Prussia, ending the Second French Empire
Franco-Prussian War
the Austro-Hungarian Empire under one crown
Dual Monarchy
late eighteenth-century European literary and artistic movement characterized by a reaction against rationalism and an embrace of idealism and emotions
romanticism
