Chapter 2 -- Understanding Earth Flashcards

0
Q

What are the principal sub systems of earth?

Hint: 6

A

Core, Mantle, lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, atmosphere

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1
Q

the study of earth, other planets and their moons.

A

Geology

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2
Q

What is a Rock?

A

A rock is an aggregate of minerals. Which are naturally occurring, inorganic, and crystalline solids that have definite physical and chemical properties.

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3
Q

Individual fragments or crystals large enough to be seen

A

Clasts

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4
Q

Fine grained material between larger clasts or crystals

A

Matrix

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5
Q

Crystalline added after the original rock formed (usually by water flowing through the rock).

A

Cement

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6
Q

crystallizes beneath the earth.

A

Intrusive Rock

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7
Q

crystallizes and cools at the earths surface.

A

Extrusive

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8
Q

Form from the alteration of other rocks usually by, heat, pressure, chemically active fluids. A rock at or near the surface is buried to great depth and is subjected to, intense heat or pressure.

A

Metamorphic

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9
Q

Typically layered deposits formed from rock and mineral fragments, precipitation of minerals from solution, the compaction of plant and animal remains

A

Sedimentary

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10
Q

a break down of a rock due to chemical/mechanical action.

A

Weathering

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11
Q

sediments move downhill by gravity and taken somewhere else by wind, water or even ice.

A

Transportation or Erosion

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12
Q

comes to a rest somewhere in an ocean, River floodplain, swamp, sand dune etc.

A

Deposition

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13
Q

conversion into rock through compaction and cementation and forms a sedimentary rock.

A

Lithification

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