Chapter 2 -- Understanding Earth Flashcards
What are the principal sub systems of earth?
Hint: 6
Core, Mantle, lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, atmosphere
the study of earth, other planets and their moons.
Geology
What is a Rock?
A rock is an aggregate of minerals. Which are naturally occurring, inorganic, and crystalline solids that have definite physical and chemical properties.
Individual fragments or crystals large enough to be seen
Clasts
Fine grained material between larger clasts or crystals
Matrix
Crystalline added after the original rock formed (usually by water flowing through the rock).
Cement
crystallizes beneath the earth.
Intrusive Rock
crystallizes and cools at the earths surface.
Extrusive
Form from the alteration of other rocks usually by, heat, pressure, chemically active fluids. A rock at or near the surface is buried to great depth and is subjected to, intense heat or pressure.
Metamorphic
Typically layered deposits formed from rock and mineral fragments, precipitation of minerals from solution, the compaction of plant and animal remains
Sedimentary
a break down of a rock due to chemical/mechanical action.
Weathering
sediments move downhill by gravity and taken somewhere else by wind, water or even ice.
Transportation or Erosion
comes to a rest somewhere in an ocean, River floodplain, swamp, sand dune etc.
Deposition
conversion into rock through compaction and cementation and forms a sedimentary rock.
Lithification