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Health Professions 235: Medical Terminology > Chapter 2: The Human Body in Health and Disease > Flashcards

Chapter 2: The Human Body in Health and Disease Flashcards

1
Q

aden/o

A

gland

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2
Q

adip/o

A

fat

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3
Q

anter/o

A

before, front

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4
Q

caud/o

A

lower part of the body, tail

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5
Q

cephal/o

A

head

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6
Q

cyt/o, -cyte

A

cell

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7
Q

end-, endo-

A

in, within, inside

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8
Q

exo-

A

out of, outside, away from

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9
Q

hist/o

A

tissue

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10
Q

-ologist

A

specialist

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11
Q

-ology

A

the science or study of

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12
Q

path/o, -pathy

A

disease, suffering, feeling, emotion

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13
Q

plas/i, plas/o, -plasia

A

development, growth, formation

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14
Q

poster/o

A

behind, towards the back

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15
Q

-stasis, -static

A

control, maintenance of a constant level

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16
Q

abdominal cavity

A

contains major organs of digestion

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17
Q

adenocarcinoma

A

cancer in glands

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18
Q

adenoma

A

benign tumor that starts in epithelial tissue of a gland

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19
Q

anaplasia

A

change in the structure of cells and in their orientation to each other

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20
Q

anatomy

A

study of structures of the body

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21
Q

anterior

A

situated in the front

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22
Q

aplasia

A

birth defect where organ or tissue is absent or abnormally large

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23
Q

atresia

A

a body part that should have an opening doesn’t

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24
Q

autopsy

A

post mortem study of the body to determine cause

25
Q

caudal

A

towards the lower part of the body

26
Q

cephalic

A

towards the head

27
Q

communicable disease

A

transmitted directly or indirectly (contagious)

28
Q

congenital disease

A

abnormal condition at the time of birth

29
Q

distal

A

farthest from the midline

30
Q

dysplasia

A

abnormal growth of cells

31
Q

endemic

A

ongoing presence of a disease in a population

32
Q

endocrine glands

A

produce hormones, do not have ducts

33
Q

epidemic

A

sudden and widespread outbreak

34
Q

epigastric region

A

located above the stomach

35
Q

etiology

A

study of the causes of diseases or abnormal conditions

36
Q

exocrine glands

A

secrete chemical substances into ducts that lead to organs or out of the body

37
Q

functional disorder

A

produces physical symptoms for which no disease or organic cause can be found

38
Q

hemophilia

A

a hereditary bleeding disorder where blood clotting factor is missing

39
Q

hyperplasia

A

increase in number of cells in a tissue or organ

40
Q

hypertrophy

A

increase in bulk of a body part or organ due to size, not number of cells

41
Q

hypoplasia

A

underdevelopment of a tissue or organ to lack of cells

42
Q

iatrogenic illness

A

unfavorable response due to prescribed medical treatment

43
Q

idiopathic disease

A

a disease without a known cause

44
Q

inguinal

A

where the lower abdomen meets the thigh (groin)

45
Q

mesentery

A

fused double layer of the parietal peritoneum that attaches parts of the intestine to the interior abdominal wall

46
Q

midsagittal plane

A

divides body into right and left

47
Q

nosocomial infection

A

hospital acquired infection

48
Q

pandemic

A

outbreak over a large geographic area

49
Q

pelvic cavity

A

hip bones and contains reproductive and excretory organs

50
Q

peritoneum

A

multilayered membrane that protects and holds organs in place within the abdominal cavity

51
Q

peritonitis

A

inflammation of the peritoneum

52
Q

proximal

A

near the midline

53
Q

retroperitoneal

A

located behind the peritoneum

54
Q

stem cells

A

unspecialized cells that can renew themselves for long periods of time by cell division

55
Q

thoracic cavity

A

surrounds and protects the heart and lungs

56
Q

transverse plane

A

divides the body into superior and inferior

57
Q

umbilicus

A

belly button or navel

58
Q

vector-borne transmission

A

spread of disease via insect bite

59
Q

ventral

Health Professions 235: Medical Terminology (5 decks)

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