Chapter 2: Psychoanalytic, Brief Analytic, Object Relations, and Interpersonal Approaches Flashcards
Birthplace of Freud
Frieberg, Morovia
Family Constellation
Firstborn in a family with three boys and five girls
Father’s Occupation
Wool merchant
Mother’s Occupation
Housewife
Degrees of Freud
Medical Degree from University of Vienna
Freud’s Mentors
Jean Charcot & Josef Breuer
Josef Breuer
Treated hysteria symptoms and discussed treatment in great detail with Freud
Anna O.
Josef Breuer’s patient
Talking Cure
Freud’s interest more than the hypnotic therapy
Classical Freudian Theory
One-person intrapsychic model that treats the client as a separate, individual artifact to be systematically and objectively examined
Modern Analytic Theory
Therapy is a two person field, wherein the therapist’s and client’s intrapsychic and relationship interactions help shed light on patterns that may be troubling the client
Drive Theory or Instict Theory
Freud’s dynamic approach to human psychology; humans are filled with mental or psychic energy; energy comes from the Eros (energy associated with life and sex) and Thanatos (energy associated with death and aggression); Every impulse has an origin, aim, object, and intensity; Impulse originates from some place in the body
Eros
Energy associated with life and sex; libido
Thanatos
Energy associated with destruction
Psychic Energy
Term for a psychological concept, not a physical one
Psychic Determinism
Proposes an underlying psychological explanation for your every emotion, thought, impulse, and behavior
Regions of the Psychoanalytic Mind
Unconscious, Preconscious, & Conscious
Main purpose of Psychoanalytic Therapy
To help us slowly become aware of unconscious impulses; by bringing unconscious impulses to awareness, we’re able to manage them, because even when they are outside awareness, primitive impulses can still act on us in an indirect and destructive manner
Freud’s Developmental Theory
Children go through developmental stages: Oral birth to 1 year old Anal 1 to 3 years old Phallic 3 to 5 years old Latency 5 to 12 years old Genital Adolescence to Adulthood
Biological Maturation
Drives progress through developmental stages; forces the individual to confront demands inherent within each stage
Fixation
Unresolved unconscious conflict
Structural Approach of Freud’s Theory
Involves the interrelationships of the concepts of id, ego, and superego
Id
Seat of biological desires; structural entity within the human personality; functions on the pleasure principle and primary-process thought; “a chaos, a cauldron full of seething excitations.” Outside the awareness or unconscious
Primary Process Thought
Characterized by hallucination-like images of fulfilled sexual or aggressive desires
Ego
Functions include memory, problem-solving ability, and rational or logical thought processes; mediator within the structure of the human personality; Contend with the id’s primitive impulses and the admonitions and expectations of the superego, and the reality of the external world; uses defense mechanisms as a means of dealing with battling forces
Secondary Thought Processes
Directly aid us in coping with or defending against powerful sexual and aggressive drives.
Superego
Two parts of the superego: Conscience & Ego Ideal
Conscience
Develops as a function of parental prohibitions or administers stern punishment; inner source of punishment; uses punishment as a motivator
Ego-Ideal
Positive desire to emulate adult standards of conduct; uses reinforcement as a primary motivator
Primary Characteristics of Defense Mechanisms
They are automatic: Individuals learn to relexively use particular defense mechanisms
They are unconscious
They ward of unacceptable impulses
To a greater or lesser extent (depending on the defense mechanism employed) they distort reality