Chapter 2/Lesson 2 Bacteria Flashcards
What are Bacteria?
Single Cell Organism
Who discovered Bacteria?
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek - A Dutch Merchant who made microscope for a hobby. Worked in the 1600s.
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Prokaryotes
a microscopic single-celled organism that has neither a distinct nucleus with a membrane nor other specialized organelles. Prokaryotes include the bacteria and cyanobacteria. DNA is not contained in its nucleus.
Eukaryotes
Fungi and animals.
Cytoplasm
Region inside the cell membrane that contains a gel like fluid.
Ribosomes
Chemical factories in a cells where proteins are produced.
Flagellum
Long whip like structures that help a bacteria to move.
Shapes of Bacteria
Spherical, Rod like or Spiral
Largest Bacteria Size
Close to the size of a period in a sentence.
Autotrophs
Bacteria that are able to make their own food.
Heterotrophs
Bacteria that can not make their own food. Must consume other organism. Often found in locations of decay.
Cellular Respiration
The process of breaking down food to release energy.
Reproduction
The ability to make copies of themselves.
Binary Fission
A process in which a cell divides to create two cells. Cell expands to twice its size before splitting. Each offspring get a complete copy of its parents DNA material.
Conjugation
A process in which one bacteria transfer DNA material to another bacteria, and creates new bacterial with new combinations of materials. Results in bacteria that are genetically different from its source.
