Chapter 2 Flashcards (Unit 1)
What is matter?
It refers to anything that takes up space and has mass
What are the three states that matter exists in?
Solid, Liquid, and Gas
What basic substance(s) is matter composed of?
Elements
What is an element?
It is a substance that cannot be broken down to simpler substances with different property
What two kinds of properties are there?
Chemica/Physical
How many naturally occuring elements are there?
92
What are the elemnts that are basic to life?
CHNOPS (Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Sulfur)
What was John Dalton’s discovery?
Atoms
What is an atom?
It is the smallest unit of matter. Atoms make up elements, and display the properties of elements as well
What is the atomic symbol used for?
It is used to depict the name of the element
What are the subatomic particles inside an atom
Electrons, Protons, Neutrons
Where are the subatomic particles located?
Protons and Neutrons are located within the nucleus, Electrons move around the nucleus.
What is the electron shell?
It is the average location of the electrons
What does the atomic number represent?
The atomic number represents the number of protons/electrons within a particular element
What is the mass number of the atom dependent on?
It is dependent on the number of subatomic particles in that atom
What is the mass number?
It is the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
Who developed the periodic table?
Dmitri Mendeleev
What is the atomic mass?
It is the average of the AMU for all of the isotopes of the atom
What are isotopes?
They are the atoms of the same element that differ in the number of neutronss
How can the radiation that is given off by various radioactive isotopes be detected?
Geiger counter is an instrument that is commonly used